At the end of the reporting period, a rate of tax is applied to this difference in order to determine the tax liability. The subtraction method is similar to the credit-invoice method in that both methods measure value added by comparing outputs (sales) to inputs (purchases) that have ...
In this paper I discuss what can be learned about “trickle-down” ideas from recent empirical evidence on tax incidence. Tax incidence, defined as the effect of tax policies on the distribution of welfare, provides an ideal framework because of the explicit focus on tracing the impacts of a ...
Consequently, the 2024 Strategy seeks to eliminate the pathways that illicit actors exploit and increase enforcement mechanisms. The U.S. Treasury has four priorities and 15 supporting actions to implement between now and the 2026 Strategy. Priorities include (1) assessing and addressing legal and re...
The key implication of the analysis is that the marginal net benefit of income disclosure increases with the level of financial development. Thus, in accordance with empirical observation, we establish the result that the lower is the stage of such development, the higher is the incidence of tax...
The Minister of Finance is authorised by the tax law to determine an acceptable debt-to-equity ratio for tax purposes, although he has not prescribed a debt-to-equity ratio to date. c) Deductibility of Funding Costs Interest is generally a deductible expense for the borrowing company provided...
Classification of the dominant element: As such, a ‘dominant element’ test is utilized to determine whether chance or skill is the dominating element in determining the result of the game. Linked economic activity: Staking money or property on the outcome of a ‘game of chance’ is prohibit...
In accordance with the analysis in the baseline model, we need to determine the carbon leak when firm 1 is subject to either an emission standard or a carbon tax. After the introduction of a carbon tax \(t_e\) on firm 1, we solve for the Nash equilibrium prices,Footnote 24 and find...
Combining this estimate with the wage response estimated in Fuest et al., the authors calculated that 31 percent of the corporate tax incidence falls on consumers, 38 percent on workers, and 31 percent on shareholders. If you want more information about the German study, I wrote about it a ...
While the demographic data included related questions about managers/owners and SMEs, with the data being further analyzed to determine any significant differences based on the size of the SMEs, using the EU categorization of SMEs based on workforce size, and uncovering the differences between small...