The existence of backlash greatly reduces the performance of the multi-stage gear transmission system and even leads to system instability. In order to solve the problems, the backlash is modeled by the nonlinear function and the lumped-parameter method is applied to establish the equations of the...
The meaning of equations (1)–(4) will be explained a bit below. Right now let us introduce the restrictions on the functions used in these equations. The functions f, g, h are assumed to be 2π–periodic and satisfy the follow- ing conditions f (x) = −f (−x), f ′(0) ...
A variety of ballistic limit equations have been implemented for many types of structural wall configurations to identify the minimum critical particle diameter that can penetrate the target. These equations depend on several parameters like the size and the density of the particle, thematerial type ...
These are models which break the earth’s surface, ocean and atmosphere into a big grid so that we can use physics equations (momentum, heat transfer and others) to calculate future climate (this class of model is called finite element analysis). These models incl...
This will not be an exposition on environmental science nor will it list the growing threats to the atmosphere from many different sources. These can be found in both countless scientific as well as popularized forms. Rather, I want to describe the deeper ...
Infectious disease models are mainly used to explore the patterns of disease transmission to effectively control its spread [19], and can focus on changes in the state of the entire population from a macro perspective, using partial differential equations to model the spread of infectious diseases ...
. Considering Equations (5) and (13), the output voltage VS is related to FM, when the R, LPA and VPA are constant. Consequently, the fluctuation of output voltages reaches the minimum value with minimal fluctuation of FM. It should be noted that the angle frequency of the system is ...
Numerous studies have explored the mechanisms of hydraulic scour around foundations and have presented several formulas for scour depth estimation around piers. Most studies on scour have applied experimental flumes and mainly focused on the application of empirical regression equations for estimating the ...
(14) In: Air-Quality Index of the Nth pollutant Ct: Truncated concentration of the Nth pollutant CBl: The concentration breakpoint that is ≤Ct CBh: The concentration breakpoint that is ≥Ct ll: AQI w.r.t CBl lh: AQI w.r.t CBh According to the above equations IAQI will be the ...
At this stage, utilizing Equation (2) as the objective function and treating the pose 𝜇μ as the optimization variable enables the computation of refined pose estimations. This process facilitates the inference of the robot’s movement trajectory. Employing the aforementioned equations transforms the...