Influenza viruses continually change over time, usually by mutation (change in the viral RNA). This constant changing often enables the virus to evade the immune system of the host (humans, birds, and other animals) so that the host is susceptible to changing influenza virus infections throughou...
Cholera is an acute infectious disease caused by a bacterium,Vibriocholerae(V. cholerae), which usually results in painless, waterydiarrheain humans. Some affected individuals have copious amounts of diarrheaand developdehydrationso severe it can lead to death. Most people who get the disease ingest...
This state of over-hydration (increased extracellular water due to occupation of muscle loss without an increase in total body water) cannot be evaluated by dry weight or the body mass index. Intervention studies are necessary in order to assess whether or not the prevention of sarcopaenia ...
prefer running water to still, and they may not like the smell or taste of tap water. You might consider getting your cat a water fountain to get them to drink more. Canned food may also provide enough hydration to help keep the digestive system moving properly, reducing the risk of hair...
Hypohydration and thermoregulation in cold air. J Appl Physiol. 1998;84:185–9. PubMed Google Scholar Ship JA, Fischer DJ. The relationship between dehydration and parotid salivary gland function in young and older healthy subjects. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 1997;52:M310–9. CAS Pub...
COVID-19 is a frightening, stress-inducing, and unchartered territory for all. It is suggested that stress, loneliness, and the emotional toll of the pande
urination in withdrawal, it may be helpful to practice relaxation regularly (e.g. twice per day) and/or consult a doctor about temporary pharmacological interventions. If you are urinating frequently, ensure that you’re replenishing electrolytes and staying hydrated – while avoiding overhydration. ...
Maintaining good hydration is the priority when treating food poisoning. Hospitalization may be appropriate if the patient is dehydrated or if they have other underlying medical conditions that become unstable because of the fluid or electrolyte imbalance in their body. ...
Symptomatic relief:Encourage rest, adequate hydration andover-the-countermedications such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen for fever and discomfort. Decongestants:Recommend oral or nasal decongestants to alleviate nasal congestion. Antitussives/expectorants:Administer cough suppressants or expectorants based on ...
While direct evidence of an inflammatory response in humans is rare, when four young athletes who died from other causes shortly after SRCs were investigated clusters of activated perivascular microglia were observed in subcortical white matter tracts indicating an inflammatory response [30]. In a ...