The meaning of SYMPATHETIC CHAIN is either of the pair of ganglionated longitudinal cords of the sympathetic nervous system of which one is situated on each side of the spinal column —called also sympathetic trunk.
micrometers thick were prepared for brain tissues in accordance with the Franklin atlas of the mouse brain.80 Sections 20 micrometers thick of the ganglia of the lumbar sympathetic chain (L2-L4 spinal levels) were co-stained with NeuN and TH for evaluation of the sympathetic tone changes. ...
Anatomical study of the 118 human lumbar splanchnic nerves of 55 cadavers showed that almost all lumbar splanchnic nerves (96%) originated from L2 and/or L3 sympathetic chain ganglia (L1–2 spinal cord levels). Comparative anatomical study of the mammalian sympathetic pathways to the vas deferens...
anterior to the articular pillars of C2. They have postganglionic fibers that innervate the vasculature and mucous membranes of the head region, including the middle ear, the lacrimal glands, and pupils of the eyes. Their preganglionic cell bodies emanate from the spinal cord at levels T1 to...
The largest of the paravertebral (sympathetic chain) ganglia is the superior cervical ganglion. Postganglionic fibers from these cells innervate blood vessels and cutaneous targets of the face, scalp, and neck of the territories supplied by the first four cervical spinal nerves. The postganglionic ...
ciliospinal center of Budge-Waller located at spinal levels C8-T2. Second-order preganglionic neurons that are destined for the head and neck then exit the spinal cord and travel in the cervical sympathetic chain through the brachial plexus, over the lung apex, to synapse in the superior ...
In our clinical practice, only the flare is taken into account for determination of sympathetic levels. For optimal SkARV interpretation, good light conditions are needed as well as careful attention during the minutes following the stroke. Spinal Cord (1) There is an excellent correspondence ...
The sympathetic trunk is a chain of ganglia joined by inter-ganglial commissures that lies (on the right or left) on the bodies of the vertebrae. Each ganglion is also joined to one of the spinal nerves. Fibers of the sympathetic nervous system innervate all organs and tissues of the body...
The ascending and descending preganglionic fibers gives the sympathetic trunk the appearance of a chain with connections between the ganglia. 3. Synapse directly in a paravertebral ganglion at the same level Gray communicating branch of spinal nerve Ramus communicans griseus nervi spinalis 1/3...
The sympathetic innervation of the head originates in the most rostral intermediolateral horn cells, located in the upper thoracic and lower cervical segments of the spinal cord. Axons exit the cord via the segmental ventral roots, ascend in connectives of the sympathetic chain and end synaptically...