represented by the most frequent surnames is extremely large in Spain, much larger than in Ireland or Britain.8,9 For example, the 10 commonest surnames account for approximately 20% of the Spanish population (National Statistics Institute, www.ine.es), whereas these represent only 6.4 and 8.5...
Mutations change the alleles of a haplotype of the Y chromosome in rapidly mutating markers (Gusmão et al. 2005). Changes in the frequencies of the haplotypes by chance (genetic drift), together with the type of surname, for example, from a region or a profession, could favor the ...