This study, however, demonstrates that the tropical upper-tropospheric warming (UTW) tends to trap more moisture in the lower troposphere and weaken the surface wind speed, both contributing to reduce the upward surface latent heat flux so as to trigger the initial sea surface warming. We refer...
The annual mean values of upward heat transfer due to solar radiation, sensible heat, latent heat and infrared radiation fluxes are 212, 1, 168 and 66 W m2, respectively. Based on the surface inflow and subsurface outflow through the Strait of Hormuz, the annual average heat transport into ...
In contrast, in the nearby area of the Arabian Gulf there is a yearly average of an upward flux at the sea surface, which is compensated by an advective heat flow of approximately 25 W m 2 through the strait of Hormuz. Some of the heat in the Gulf of Oman is transported into the ...
The land surface latent heat flux (LHF) and sensible heat flux (SHF) are provided by the gridded FLUXNET dataset. The gridded FLUXNET dataset is derived from continuousin-situmeasurements of FLUXNET, remote sensing and meteorological observations based on model tree ensembles18. This dataset covers...
The spatial distribution of the surface heat fluxes, which has not been investigated before, show relatively large spatial variation in latent heat flux. The annual mean net heat flux spatial distribution varies from about 30 to 10Wm2, with greatest heat loss in southeastern and northwestern ...
Surface energy balance and the partitioning of sensible heat flux(SHF) and latent heat flux(LHF) play key roles in land鈥揳tmosphere feedback. However,the lack of long-term observations of surface energy fluxes,not to mention spatially extensive ones,limits our understanding of how the surface ...
Over the Gulf of Oman and the northern Arabian Sea, the annual-monthly values of upward heat fluxes due to short-wave radiation, long-wave back radiation, sensible heat, and latent heat are 255, 56, 1, 144 W/m2, respectively. The annual averages of the total heat flux for both basins...
The resultant increase in land-air humidity difference is expected to contribute to upward latent heat flux. We note that atmospheric processes may induce cloud change, contributing to surface net shortwave and longwave radiation change. Surface air temperature and humidity changes induced by atmospheric...
3.3. Salinity dependence of surface latent heat flux Evaporation at the airÁsea interface results in an upward transport of energy in the form of latent heat, and thus injects water vapour into the atmosphere. This is a major energy source for atmospheric circulation (Schulz et al., 1997)...
global average; 3) weaker sensible and latent heat flux responses that result in a larger surface temperature response in the Arctic; and 4) a colder skin temperature compared to the global average, which forces a larger surface warming to achieve the same increase in upward longwave radiation....