we evaluated the grip map prediction over the complete road area qualitatively. Several example scenarios and grip map predictions from the final proposed model in different road weather conditions are shown in Fig.6. Additionally, examples from the other introduced models and a comparison of the im...
Every convolution and downsampling operation lead to a feature map, which captures the spatial features. The UNet with 3 layers represent 3 downsampling and 3 upsampling. A convolution operation of each layer will generate a feature map, and the number of convolution channels represents the number...
After comparison with the geological map, the threshold contributing pixels of the Nanao and Heping drainage networks were both determined to be 2000, and the Heren and Liwu drainage networks were determined to be 1000 pixels. 3.2 River knickpoints extraction The knickpoint of the channel ...
computes the gradients of the target output with respect to the specified layer, averages them across each output channel, and then multiplies the average gradients by the layer activations. By analyzing the resulting attribution map, it is possible to identify the major contributors to forecast ...
2) Accurate atmospheric correction is not required 1) Require a priori knowledge of the emissivity of each class, as well as the corresponding classification map2) Seasonal and dynamic states of surfaces may degrade the accuracy3) Less accurate at coarse resolutions and less reliable for classes ...
For high accuracy, remote sensing algorithms for ET require ancillary datasets to characterize interrelated drivers associated with weather, climate, and especially light availability. Remote sensing algorithms to map ET at large scales are especially sensitive to estimates of net radiation, which is typi...
Data from the infrared channel of Thematic Mapper onboard Landsat 5 were used to map the spatial distribution of sea surface temperatures in selected fjords in northern Norway. Sea surface temperature charts provided clear indications of surface current patterns, upwellings, convergences, etc. The ...
Map of the lakes included in the GLTC dataset. Yellow—in situ sampled lakes; Red—satellite sampled lakes. Data label Description Lake_name Lake name as provided by the contributor. In the case where a lake name appears multiple times (followed by a period and additional text), this ...
so that local emissivity variation can be derived with high accuracy. If emissivity differences are to be derived globally, e.g., when comparing a global emissivity map to an in situ measurement, the lateral temperature differences may be larger on the order of 5 K, corresponding to an emissi...
Faroux S, Tchuente ATK, Roujean J-L, Masson V, Martin E, Le Moigne P. ECOCLIMAP-II/Europe: a twofold database of ecosystems and surface parameters at 1 km resolution based on satellite information for use in land surface, meteorological and climate models. Geosci Model Dev. 2013;6(2...