Previous work showed that if surface area synthesis, like volume synthesis, is dependent on cell volume (rather than surface area), SA/V will equilibrate at a steady-state value corresponding to the ratio of surface and volume synthesis rates23(Fig.2a). Here, “volume synthesis” is represent...
volume current densitylongitudinal line current densitiestransverse sectional densitiespartial space first andsecond order densitiesTraditional formal definitions of electric current surface and volume densities differ from those of the electric scalar charge, and are inconsistent with the notions of their ...
Electronic surface, interface and edge states are well-known concepts in low-dimensional solids and have already been utilised for practical applications. It is expected that magnons–the bosonic quasiparticles representing the magnetic excitations– sha
The amount of electric charge per unit dimension is the electric charge density. A conductor's electric charges could be spread along its length, across its surface, and through its volume.
current upflow as well as in the co-current downflow. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient is correlated to the liquid and gas velocities, and to the frictional pressure drop. Additionally, in co-current downflow (trickle flow), the gas–liquid mass transfer is investigated for increased ...
(2008) on this rather specialist subject. The latter is an edited volume containing contributions by various researchers and summarizing the position prior to 2010. Later developments on this topic will be deferred to Part F, Sections 1.7.8 and 1.7.9, after introducing deep learning methods....
substantial intraseasonal variability (ISV) (Farrar and Weller, 2006; Kessler et al., 1995; Masumoto et al., 2005; Chen et al., 2019), which plays a vital role in the transportation of heat and volume in the Indian Ocean, and affects regional and global climate change (Schott et al.,...
. This indicates that vortex meandering within the sample thickness is significant, even though the orientational order of the Bragg glass is long-ranged in the whole sample volume. Fig. 4 Orientational and positional order of the vortex and Bragg glass phases of Bi[Math Processing Error]2Sr[...
The biochar aging process resulted in increased surface area and pore volume, as well as carbon and oxygen-containing functional groups (such as C=O, –COOH, O–C=O etc.) on its surface, which were also associated with the adsorption behavior of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-TCP). ...
1) surface and volume current density 面和体电流密度 2) surface current density 面电流密度 1. Based on the approximation of the surface distribution of the ground current due to the skin effects and of the equivalence between the surface magnetic field and surface current density, this paper...