Surface and Subsurface PropertiesCutting processes are employed to generate functional components. Finally, the surface and subsurface properties of the components are decisive for the functioning and durability. It is not always posdoi:10.1007/978-3-642-33257-9_16Hans Kurt Tönshoff...
The lunar surface is ancient and well-preserved, recording Solar System history and planetary evolution processes. Ancient basin-scale impacts excavated lunar mantle rocks, which are expected to remain present on the surface. Sampling these rocks would p
Here we propose an all-optical ultrasound system suitable for in situ characterization of single LPBF melt lines. Laser based ultrasound (LBU) has previously been studied for use on AM samples including for detecting residual stresses24, subsurface defects using bulk waves25, surface defects using r...
Regardless of the scale of the application, physically based integrated models are most valuable when they are faithful to our best understanding of subsurface properties and capable of exploring sensitivity of results to those properties. Understanding the sensitivity of hydrologic processes, including bot...
The groups of Diebold and Selloni [1705–1707] have examined oxygen vacancy defects on the R TiO2(101) surface using STM and DFT approaches. These same authors have also looked at oxygen vacancies and subsurface point defects on the A TiO2(101) surface [1676,1677,1708,1709]. They found ...
Integrated watershed modeling techniques have been applied in recent years to examine surface and subsurface interactions. Model performance is often evaluated by best fit of the hydrograph, which alone cannot explicitly explain whole catchment dynamics. To overcome this problem, this study incorporated mu...
A new parallel photodisplacement technique has been developed that achieves simultaneous real-time imaging of surface and subsurface structures from a single space-frequency multiplexed interferogram, which greatly simplifies the system and the optical alignment. A linear region of photodisplacement is excit...
Here we report on strong ferromagnetic properties of the surface and subsurface region in the antiferromagnet EuRh2Si2, which are driven by the ordered local 4f moments of Eu. These properties are monitored by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) looking at the diamond-shaped surface sta...
Surface and subsurface are commonly considered as separate entities because of the difference in the bonding environment and are often investigated separately due to the experimental challenges in differentiating the surface and subsurface effects. Using
Surface and subsurface reconstruction of polycrystalline platinum during annealing in the O2 atmosphere over the temperature range of 600–1400 K Research articleAbstract only Oxidation and recrystallization of platinum group metals (Pt, Pd, Rh) in oxygen. Surface and subsurface reconstruction of...