The subset command in base R (subset in R) is extremely useful and can be used to filter information using multiple conditions. For example, perhaps we would like to look at only observations taken with a late time value. This allows us to ignore the early “noise” in the data and foc...
Multiple objective fractional subset programmingGeneralized n -set convex functionsOptimality conditionsIn this paper, we introduce a new class of generalized convex n -set functions, called (, ρ,σ,θ)-V-Type-I and related non-convex functions, and then establish a number of parametric and ...
(This sum makes sense since f(b) is a scalar, b is a vector, and f(b) vanishes for all but finitely many b.) For each b∈ B, we have i−1(b) equal to 1{b}, the characteristic function (defined on B) of the singleton {b}; such functions form a vector basis for the ...
Approximately 25% of cancers are preceded by chronic inflammation that occurs at the site of tumor development. However, whether this multifactorial oncogenic process, which commonly occurs in the intestines, can be initiated by a specific immune cell po
For example, this objective function could be written as J (X, Y , F ) = I(X; Y ) − α I(X; X ) + β I(X; X |Y ) X ∈F X ∈F (2) where α, β≥ 0. The first term in the expression cap- tures the relevancy of the variable X. The next two terms measure ...
Persistence of HIV in people living with HIV (PWH) on suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been linked to physiological mechanisms of CD4+ T cells. Here, in the same 37 male PWH on ART we measure longitudinal kinetics of HIV DNA and cell turno
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with Δr=F(Cr+1)−F(Cr). As such, if the current selection of replica r+1 has a better objective function value than that of the rth replica, these are always swapped. In addition, similar to the probabilistic acceptance of inferior neighbours, swaps that push solutions in the opposite...
They play critical roles in maintaining brain development and function [3, 4]. In their homeostatic state, they display a highly ramified morphology, efficiently surveying the cen- tral nervous system (CNS) microenvironment, recogniz- ing and clearing cell debris [5]. Microglia play pivotal roles...
We further develop the approach introduced in [19] to a visualization framework and embed the framework in a stylized process model for decision support. We create an object-oriented wrapper function (outlined in Section 3) and enable an integration with popular BI tools such as Power BI and ...