The literature has focused on distortions arising from the representativeness heuristic (gambler's fallacy, overconfidence, and trends in number picking), the... Fortune,EE Goodie,S Adam - 《Psychology of Addictive Behaviors》 被引量: 134发表: 2012年 Plea Bargaining Outside the Shadow of Trial ...
Following the approach of the GRADE criteria40, we quantified common sources of bias across six domains: representativeness of the study population, exposure, outcome, reverse causation, control for confounding and selection bias. In the illustrative cases presented here, these variables were quantified...
For instance, although the internal variation in the treatment response can be controlled to a large extent using the matching and randomization methodology, these cannot normalize the effects of external factors, such as the representativeness of the animal model of the actual human disease, its ...
The effectiveness of the cutoff scores is obviously dependent on the representativeness of the training set, but it certainly represents an improvement over using arbitrary cutoffs or not using any cutoffs at all. Some other approaches using cutoff scores to improve the specificity of profile HMMs ...
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