The neurons possess two or more neural processes that stem from the body and relay the neural information. The neural processes are divided into short (dendrites) and long (axons). Most of the axons are ensheathed by a substance called myelin, which gives them a distinguishable white color. ...
and understand this designation in functional terms. If the theory behind active inference is broadly correct, then all projections of ‘ascending’directionwill have ‘forward’characteristics, because theirfunctionis to convey prediction errors. Conversely, all projections of ‘descending’directionwill ha...
The human red nucleus (RN) is a large subcortical structure located in the ventral midbrain, which is cytoarchitectonically divided into two histologically distinct subregions: a magnocellular, caudal region, consisting of large sparse neurons (magnocellular RN, mRN) and a rostral parvocellular part...
The majority of neurons in this area synthesize releasing hormones that modulate the release of several anterior pituitary hormones. Medial zone The medial zone of the hypothalamus contains several individual nuclei and is subdivided into four regions from anterior to posterior: the preoptic, the ...
The Structure and Function of The Human Brain TheStructureandFunctionofTheHumanBrain 1.TheCerebrum大脑2.TheCerebellum小脑3.LimbicSystem脑边缘系统 4.BrainStem脑干 Page2 1.TheCerebrum大脑 Thecerebrumorcortex大脑皮层isthelargestpartofthehumanbrain,associatedwithhigherbrainfunctionsuchas...
structure–function relationships. Crystal structures are now available for deglycosylatedhCG(Lapthorn et al., 1994; Wu et al., 1994), an antibody-bound glycosylated hCG (Tegoni et al., 1999), and a partially deglycosylated humanFSH, both free (Fox et al., 2001) and bound to a large N...
The medulla acts as the bridge between the brain and the spinal cord throughneuronsthat carry communication to and fro. It contains several nuclei (clusters of neurons in the brain) sort incoming information from the body and relay it to the appropriate brain regions for further processing. Apart...
This Review discusses salient aspects of voltage-gated calcium channel function, physiology, and pathophysiology.Previous article in issue Next article in issue Main Text Introduction The electrical activity of neurons and other excitable cells relies on a number of different types of voltage- and ...
Rod, one of two types of photoreceptive cells in the retina of the eye in vertebrate animals. Rod cells function as specialized neurons that convert visual stimuli in the form of photons (particles of light) into chemical and electrical stimuli that can
neurons, known assynapses, enable electrical and chemical messages to be transmitted from oneneuronto the next in the brain, a process that underlies basic sensory functions and that is critical tolearning,memoryandthoughtformation, and othercognitiveactivities. The brain and thespinal cordtogether ...