Stroke volume can either be measured directly or estimated using the analysis of the arterial pressure waveform. Alternatively, pulse pressure variations can be calculated. However, these index are sensitive to tidal volume. During mechanical ventilation with low tidal volumes, the ventilatory-induced ...
During the tests, we estimated cardiac output using inert gas rebreathing (nitrous oxide and sulphur hexafluoride) and subsequently calculated stroke volume. We found that cardiac output was similar (18.2±3.3 vs. 17.9±2.6lmin 1 ; P =0.744), stroke volume was higher (127±37 vs. 94±15ml;...
et al. [75], Mostafavi [77], and Germanotta [86] calculated the movement path length and divided it by the straight-line distance between the start and end points. This is known as the path-length ratio. Movement planning Movement planning is associated with feedforward sensorimotor control, ...
In a translational approach, IS was induced in C57Bl/6 mice by 60 mins transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and 23 hours of reperfusion. Stroke volume, functional outcome, the BBB integrity, and—in good agreement with the in vitro results—MMP9 secretion as well as EC survival ...
While α is a numerical constant determined before calibration, β and K are calculated after calibration using four values: CO measured by the alternative method (APCO in this study), and 3–10 min averaged PWTT, HR, and PP (pulse pressure: systolic pressure − diastolic pressure). ...
The sample size was calculated based on a single population proportion formula using 95% confidence level, 5% margin of error, 26% previous estimated proportion of SAP, and 10% for non-response rate. A convenience sampling method was used to recruit 325 study participants24. ...
Body weight and height were measured by trained staff with participants wearing light clothing and no shoes. Weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters was calculated as the body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2). Waist circumference (WC) was measured at the level of 1 cm ...
Intranasally delivered rhMANF reduces infarct volume and promotes recovery in a rat cortical stroke model As the intracranial delivery of MANF has been shown to be neuroprotective in ischemic stroke models, we conducted a proof-of-concept study using non-invasive intranasal delivery of rhMANF. Alth...
Currently, there is no noninvasive method available for simultaneous measurements of tidal volume and stroke volume. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) has been used for regional lung ventilation imaging. Cardiac EIT imaging, however, has not been successful due to the technical difficulty in extrac...
(CAD) for LAS, both caused by atheroma; (2) atrial fibrillation for CES, as its main underlying cause; and (3) white matter hyperintensity volume (WMH, an MRI-marker of cerebral small vessel disease) for SVS (available in Europeans only). In Europeans, 11 additional loci were associated ...