Stress relaxation data for the filled polymer which is independent of strain can be calculated by multiplying the relaxation modulus (at a certain strain) by (1 plus strain in the polymer matrix). Stress-strain curves at constant strain rate and for different concentrations of the filler can be...
Two different cyclic tests were performed under tensile stress, with a zero load ratio, R = 0. First, specimens were subjected to a sinusoidal load cycle at 1 Hz, which provided stress-life curves with the use of a failure criterion based on 12% yield strain. Second, specimens were ...
For crystal plasticity, finite element simulation of stress–strain curves, as well as constitutive models—which often require numerous fitting parameters—are discussed in the literature [30,32,33,34]. The stress–strain curve is a convenient way to gain insight into the dislocation density ...
Figure 7. Stress−strain curves in CU test. (a) Deviatoric stress-strain behaviour; (b) Normalized deviator stress-strain behaviour. In addition, Figure 8 illustrates the effective stress paths obtained from the consolidated–undrained triaxial test. From the soil samples plotted on the p’-q...
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of rock stress–strain with different post-peak curves. Note: A is the starting point; AB is the pre-peak stress–strain curve; BC, BD, BE, BF, BG, and BH are different post-peak curves; AI is the unrecoverable axial strain; and BJ is the boundary between...
7.1. Stress–Strain Curves of Polypropylene Fibers with Different Dosages and Lengths after High Temperature Exposure This section only studies the stress–strain curves of low-dosage (dosage less than, or equal to, 1.5 kg/m3) PPF concrete. This is because the research on peak compressive streng...
The comparisons between different experimental curves and analytical models are shown in Figure 16, Figure 17 and Figure 18. Figure 16. Comparison of experimental curves and analytical models (Nagashima,1992): (a) HH08LA and HH10LA; (b) HH13LA and HH15LA; (c) HH20LA and HL06LA; (d)...
Figure 2. Schematic diagram of rock stress–strain with different post-peak curves. Note: A is the starting point; AB is the pre-peak stress–strain curve; BC, BD, BE, BF, BG, and BH are different post-peak curves; AI is the unrecoverable axial strain; and BJ is the boundary between...
3.2. Stress–Strain Curves Figure 9 depicts the stress–strain responses for RFAC specimens. The stress was calculated according to the data collected by the force sensor. The strain was obtained by taking the averaged data of four LVDTs, which were compared with the data captured by LGS and ...
Figure 12 shows the engineering stress–strain curves derived using the typical method. There was a difference in expressing the test data depending on the curve characteristics of the constitutive model. Since the objective function of the typical method sets only RMSE minimization, it is evident ...