It is common for data to be collected using questionnaires and for response data to be in the form of choices on a Likert scale or some other type of attitude scale. However, analyses of data from such questionnaires are frequently, theoretically flawed. Likert scales and similar measurement ...
It is common for data to be collected using questionnaires and for response data to be in the form of choices on a Likert scale or some other type of attitude scale. However, analyses of data from such questionnaires are frequently, theoretically flawed. Likert scales and similar measurement t...
aWhile Likert scale data have been considered as ordinal scale data, a great number of papers in international journals using Likert scales in their questionnaire surveys have adopted parametric statistical methods. Meanwhile, the results from parametric methods with ordinal data were recognized as reaso...
In each case, the hypothesis anticipates a specific direction of the effect, making a one-tailed test a precise tool for testing that expectation. On the other hand, if your hypothesis is neutral and simply tests whether there is any difference or relationship, regardless of direction, you'll...
Using the Visual Basic development tool kit, thernauthors have developed a highly interactive graphicalrninterf谩ce to an hourly energy simulation model forrnestimating annual energy consumption in buildings.rnThe software, named ENER-WI... Larry O. Degelman,Veronica I. Soebarto - Building Simulation...
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16As before, attempting to see whether experience helps participants behave closer to optimal, I split the data into the first and second halves and conduct the test on each half. Optimality is rejected at the 5% level for 13 participants in the first half and 15 participants in the second ...
These may be on an interval scale (e.g. test score) or a ratio scale (e.g. age).Many variables can be measured at different levels of precision. For example, age data can be quantitative (8 years old) or categorical (young). If a variable is coded numerically (e.g., level of ...
Likert scale, the authors observed a raw effect size of 0.82 units. For the interpretation of this result, it is essential to know the associated inferential uncertainty. In this case, the 95% confidence interval ranges from −0.05 to 1.69, indicating that the data are not inconsistent ...
(Likert) scale” for a multi-item questionnaire. In contrast to single items, which are considered ordinal, multiple items are often considered to produce interval or ratio data, e.g., [31,32]. Please recall the above definition that, in this work, the term “scale” refers to the ...