This paper re-examines the controversy on whether fundamental measurement theory has any relevance to practical measurement procedures, statistical theory and procedures or research results in...doi:10.1007/978-3-319-17046-6_89A. Ben Oumlil
(e.g., Siegel, 1988; Agresti, 1990) and books on research methodology in psychology and personality assessment (e.g., Aiken, 1999), it is often suggested that the choice of a statistical test and the choice of statistical operations should be determined by the level of measurement of the...
往后,14章继续拓展贝叶斯多层模型,主要是协方差结构的设置,从离散类,有限维的multilevel GLM拓展到连续类,无限维的高斯过程(Gaussian Process,GP)。小朋友震惊,高斯过程还能这么理解! 十五章,讲measurement-error model和应对缺失值数据的贝叶斯插补。对前者,经常分析aggregated data的同学(e.g., meta-analysis)必然不...
result in analyses that are somewhat arbitrary or that lose statistical efficiency. For example, safety assessments can be too quick to rely on the proportion of patients in each treatment group at each clinic visit who have a lab measurement above two or three times the upper limit of normal...
Researchers use a measurement known as thep-value, or probability value, to determine statistical significance. If the p-value falls below the significance level, the result is statistically significant. The p-value is a function of the means and standard deviations of the data samples. It indica...
The rise of traffic classification in IoT networks: A survey 3.3 Statistical classification The statistical classification applies flow-level measurement in the network to identify the statistical characteristics of traffic (Zhang et al., 2015). This technique is also known as rationale-based classificat...
The flotation feed and associated suite of flowsheet composites are used for a mass and value balance, and are later presented to QemSCAN for quantitative mineral measurement as a series of sized fractions.doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2006.10.008N.O. Lotter...
Paradoxically, ignorance of the details of processes at the atomic level is overcome by the power of averages over large numbers of cases. Mean values of any property get more and more accurate as the number of independent events gets large. The number of gas particles in a cubic centimeter...
Researchers often want to look at thespreadof the data, that is, how widely the data are spread across the whole possible measurement scale. There are three measures which are often used for this: Therangeis the difference between the largest and smallest values. Researchers often quote theinte...
(alpha inflation). A Bonferroni correction was used to protect against alpha inflation because with a standard alpha level of .05, purely by chance alone, 1 out of 20 tests will be significant. The Bonferroni correction divides the alpha value by the number of tests run; in this case 10,...