The article focuses on the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) of Pakistan organized by its former President Zia ul-Haq in strengthening its alliance with the U.S. It examines ISI role on the invasion of Soviet Union of Afghanistan. It also determines the negative implications of ISI, supporting...
It is the military junta and the notorious Inter-Services Intelligence — a State within a State— that dominate Pakistani diplomacy and jointly implement a policy of aggression against Afghanistan, which was a Member of the United Nations before Pakistan even existed. 控制巴基斯坦外交政策和联合执行...
First, within nation-states, religious extremists threaten interfaith coexistence, and they challenge the institutions that help to maintain ethnic, religious, and gender diversity through integration, inclusion, and power sharing. Second, as a force external to nation-states, religious extremism (e.g...
Instability must be considered in light of the complicated history of this frontline state within the "old" Sudan, the strategic interests of national powers, and the complex web of relationships and shifting alliances amongthe state's ... I Introduction - 《International Crisis Group》 被引量:...
(1754-1763), the Northwest Territory and Canada. The original Thirteen Colonies declared their independence from Great Britain in 1776 and formed a government under the Articles of Confederation in 1781, adopting (1787) a new constitution that went into effect after 1789. The nation soon began ...
2.A political or social unit that has such a government. 3.The common people, considered as the primary source of political power. 4.Majority rule. 5.The principles of social equality and respect for the individual within a community. ...
[translate] afrom the nasal cavity following administration of three 从鼻腔以下所说管理三 [translate] aAccording to the U.S. Departments of State and Defense, Pakistan has afforded the United 根据美国。 国务院和防御,巴基斯坦买得起团结的 [translate] ...
When democratic governments are elected, do you ever wonder why they don't seem able to change very much? Whoever we vote for, vested interests seem to prevail. Over time special interest groups, unfettered by legal norms or public opinion, have formed 'states within a state' to advance ...
Sovereignty - International Law, State Authority, Autonomy: Although the doctrine of sovereignty has had an important impact on developments within states, its greatest influence has been in the relations between states. The difficulties here can be trac
as an integral part of the British Empire."[136] Although the plan envisioned limited self-government at first only in the provinces – with India emphatically within the British Empire – it represented the first British proposal for any form of representative government in a non-white colony....