chapter 2 speech sounds Chapter2SpeechSounds Phonetics:studieshowspeechsoundsareproduced,transmittedandperceived.Phonology:isthestudyofthesoundpatternsandsoundsystemsoflanguages.Thedistinctionbetweenphoneticsandphonology•Phonetics：isinterestedinspeechsoundsusedinallhumanlanguages:howtheyareproduced,howtheydifferfromeach...
Chapter_2_Speech_Sounds.ppt,Chapter 2 Speech Sounds Delivered by Ma Yinglian As human beings we are capable of making all kinds of sounds. How many sounds can we produce? Are all of them are used in human language? only some of these sounds have become u
continuous signal spaceevolution of speechfrequency learninglearning biasesperception biasWhen learning language, humans have a tendency to produce more extreme distributions of speech sounds than those observed most frequently: In rapid, casual speech, vowel sounds are centralized, yet cross-linguistically,...
Three aspects of phonological process: 1) a set of sounds to undergo the process; 2) a set of sounds produced by the process; 3) a set of situations in which the process applies The slash “/” specifies the environment in which the change takes place The bar (focus bar) “___” ...
ChapterTwo:Speechsounds:phoneticsandphonology Wearecapableofmakingallkindsofsounds,butonlysomehavebeenusedinthelanguagesystem.Speechsoundscanbeidentifiedasindividuals.Sostudiesonspeechsoundsinvariousperspectivesand Twomajorareas:phoneticsandphonology.PhoneticsThefieldofstudyThewayofsounddescription ...
6 Accordingly, voice speech is modeled as a deterministic process. Unvoiced speech sounds are produced by exciting the vocal tract by turbulent airflow at some constriction in the vocal tract. The excitation source is often modeled as white noise. Unvoiced waveforms are usually lower in energy ...
Vowels produced with the addition of nasal resonances are known as nasalized vowels. Nasalization may be used to distinguish meanings of words made up of otherwise identical sounds, such as bas and banc in French. If the oral passage is completely constricted and air flows only through the ...
Phonetics is of a general nature; it is interested in all the speech sounds used in all human languages: how they are produced, how they differ from each other, what phonetic features they possess, how they can be classified. Phonology, on the other hand, is interested in the system of ...
考研2 speech_sounds.ppt,讲义二 Speech Sounds Grace Tan T/F 1.the word HOUR contains a diphthong and a pure vowel. 2.The sound /p/ in the word “expressive” is pronounced as a voiceless consonant. 3.Broad transcription represents phonemes of a lg wherea
A waveform of speech is a continuous signal as shown in Figure 9.1(a). A speech signal is usually sampled at a rate higher than 16 kHz and windowed with a 5 or 10 ms shift. It is quite variable. Speakers with different gender, age, huskiness, and nasality usually have different ...