The delocalization of atoms associated with tunneling converts impurity atoms and vacancies into the distinctive quasiparticles known as impuritons and vacancyons, respectively. These quasiparticles determine the properties of quantum crystals. Thermal properties. In most solids, the specific heat C at ...
For example, in the case of TiO2, water has been observed to readily adsorb on surface oxygen vacancies forming pairs of adsorbed hydroxyls. For this problem, theoretical DFT simulations are a very important tool as they can provide a direct comparison between binding energies of molecular and ...
(Streule et al., 2006) found that the ordered oxygen vacancies along the b-axis in PrBaCo2O5.48 were rearranged at 500°C, randomly distributed in the[PrOδ] layer to form a disordered arrangement, and the crystal structure was also from an orthogonal structure to a tetragonal structure. ...
Our energy generation and other industrial processes on which our current lifestyle is based cause significant environmental impacts. Some widely employed industrial processes are major contributors to CO2emissions. A prime example is ammonia production, which represents a high energy consumption, utilizes ...
More recently, solid electrolyte materials have been developed that can transport oxygen ion vacancies at high temperature and are also electronic conductors. For such materials, the counter-current to the flow of oxygen ion vacancies is carried by an internal flow of electrons, rather than through...
The addition of hydroxides leads to an increase in pH, which strongly promotes the uptake of cations in the interlayer, because vacancies represented by H+ moiety are less stable with increasing pH and are substituted by Ca2+ and alkali metals. When the alkali metals are added as chloride salt...
Within a polycrystal, obstacles to phonon motion include point defects—vacancies, interstitials, impurities—line defects such as dislocations, surface defects such as grain boundaries, interfaces, and free surfaces, and what could be termed three-dimensional defects such as precipitates. Recently, the...
Within a polycrystal, obstacles to phonon motion include point defects—vacancies, interstitials, impurities—line defects such as dislocations, surface defects such as grain boundaries, interfaces, and free surfaces, and what could be termed three-dimensional defects such as precipitates. Recently, the...
On the other hand, the absence of oxygen vacancies, i.e., anionic diffusion, makes difficult the oxygen reduction reaction at the ncathode/electrolyte interface (2) restricting this process to the three-phase boundary (TPB) regions, where the oxygen, cathode and electrolyte are in contact. ...
On the other hand, the absence of oxygen vacancies, i.e., anionic diffusion, makes difficult the oxygen reduction reaction at the ncathode/electrolyte interface (2) restricting this process to the three-phase boundary (TPB) regions, where the oxygen, cathode and electrolyte are in contact. ...