liquid oxygen, LOX - a bluish translucent magnetic liquid obtained by compressing gaseous oxygen and then cooling it below its boiling point; used as an oxidizer in rocket propellants air - a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of; "air...
As is well known, solid oxygen appears in three modifications: α(below 23.5° K.); β(23.5°–43.5° K.); and γ(43.5° K. and melting point). In connexion with our investigations on the structure of solidified nitrogen and other gases, extensive work has been done with the object ...
In solid oxygen, the three phases occur namely, the α phase stable up to 23.9 K, β phase stable between 23.9 and 43.6 K and, the γ phase stable between 43.6 K and the melting point at 54.4 K, as also pointed out previously [1]. The α phase exists up to temperatures of the β...
a A proton-ion conducting electrolyte; and b an oxygen-ion conducting electrolyte. Full size image Oxygen-ion conductivity arises due to the mobility of oxygen point defects, which can be oxygen vacancies or the transport of oxygen in the positions of the interstitials via a hopping mechanism16...
to form a titanium oxide layer on the surface of the titanium particle; and heating the titanium powder having the titanium oxide layer in an oxygen-free atmosphere in a temperature range of 450° C. or higher and a melting point of the titanium oxide layer or lower to decompose the ...
This paper reviews a clean metals, production technology that utilizes an oxygen-ion-conducting solid oxide membrane (SOM) to directly electrolyze metal oxides dissolved in a non-consumable molten salts. During the SOM electrolysis process, the desired metal such as magnesium, aluminum, silicon, or...
melting f. sublimation What happens with the bond energy in the case of melting ice and freezing water? When the energy is released from breaking bonds and when do you need to put in the energy? What happens when ice melts?...
Water's unique properties, including its high heat capacity, high density, high boiling point, and a solid phase that is less dense than its liquid phase, can best be attributed to: A) its formula, H_2O. B) the covalent oxygen-hydrogen bonds in the molecu I...
Similar to graphite, the atoms within each layer are closely packed by the strong hydrogen bonds between the boron and oxygen, with some ionic character. The connection between layers is the rather weak bond such as van de Waals forces, with a relatively wide distance of 0.318 nm. Thanks to...
(1910), e.g., oxygen, air or other gas mixture comprising oxygen, passing through cathode gas manifold (1630) exchange thermal energy with the HP-SOFC stack, e.g., cathode gas is continuously warmed as it passes through the HP-SOFC stack until it reaches stack temperature and is at ...