γb, γ' = Buoyant unit weight or effective unit weight γs = Unit weight of solids γw = Unit weight of water (equal to 9810 N/m3) W = Total weight of soil Ws = Weight of solid particles Ww = Weight of water V = Volume of soil Vs = Volume of solid particles Vv = Volume ...
If after finalising Stage I and Stage II it is still considered that there is a need for a site specific evaluation of ecological risk the process continues to Stage III using the weight of evidence approach described below. 3.2.5. Weight of evidence approaches In order to deal with conceptua...
where\(\Delta c\) is the TOC concentration difference between root exudate solution and blank control (mg·L–1); V is the volume of root exudate solution (L); G is the root weight (g); T is the collection time (h); S is root biomass (g C m-2); 24 is 24 h per day; ...
We conducted a comprehensive viromic examination of viral communities in soils various land use types. This size-fractioned viromic approach was far more prominent in the recovery of vOTUs than viral sequence mining from total soil metagenome15. A large volume of soil (300 g) was subjected t...
Using the published data, we analyzed the change in the amount of different sized-aggregates and mean weight diameter (MWD) of aggregates by biochar addition to elucidate biochar’s effect on the formation and stability of aggregates. As illustrated in Fig. 3c, biochar increased the formation ...
Bulk densityMass/volume of clods with wax to measure their submerged weight (Dane, 2002) Field capacity and wilting pointRawls and Brakensiek (1989) Percentage of organic matterWakley-Black (Nelson and Sommers, 1982) Coarse elements (%)Field observations (Duarte, 2006) ...
Plants and microbes are capable of exuding low-molecular-weight organic anions (carboxylates) to dissolve precipitates and chelate metal cations, both of which make phosphate unavailable; because carboxylates facilitate the release of sorbed P via ligand-exchange reactions (Hinsinger 2001), and block...
threefold in weight during the first 10 days of embryonic development. E... POTIER,A Daniel - 《Environmental Entomology》 被引量: 109发表: 1983年 Hydrogeomorphic Ecosystem Responses to Natural and Anthropogenic Changes in the Loess Plateau of China soil desiccationclimate changeChina's Loess ...
CO2 assimilation by leaves is reduced mainly by stomatal closure, membrane damage, and disturbed activity of various enzymes, especially those of CO2 fixation and adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Low molecular weight osmolytes, including glycine betaine, proline, and other amino acids, organic acids, ...
We used weight decay with a value of 1×10−5. A learning rate schedule was used where the learning rate would be multiplied by 0.3 every 30 epochs. Adaptive optimization methods such as Adam [71] were avoided due to results showing they can cause worse generalisation behaviour [72, 73]...