Isabela Mares, Assistant Professor of Political Science and Victoria Schuck Faculty Scholar will discuss social security and social protection systems in the developed and developing world. Mares has written extensively on socia...
aAround the world, social security reforms now generally involve moving from pay-as-you-go defined benefit systems to funded (investment based) defined contribution systems, often with some form of conditional defined benefit guarantee. 在世界范围内,社会保险改革一般现在介入移动从支付和你去被定义的...
Social Security and Retirement around the World Social Security and Retirement around the World examines one explanation: social security programs actually provide incentives for early retirement. This volume ... J Gruber,DA Wise - 《National Bureau of Economic Research Books》 被引量: 1985发表: ...
Social Security and Retirement Around the World 2024 pdf epub mobi 电子书 图书描述 In nearly every industrialized country, the population is ageing rapidly and individuals are living longer, demographic trends have strained the financial viability of many countries' social security systems. The financial...
Social Security Programs and Retirement Around the World的创作者 ··· 乔纳森·格鲁伯 作者 作者简介 ··· Jonathan Gruber is the Ford Professor of Economics and head of the Economics Department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and a research associate of the National Bureau ...
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Many countries have social security systems that are currently financially unsustainable. Economists and policy makers have long studied this problem and identified two key causes. First, as declining birth rates raise the share of older persons in the p
In "Social Security Programs and Retirement" around the World, Jonathan Gruber, David A. Wise, and experts in many countries examine the consequences of reforming retirement benefits in a dozen nations. Drawing on the work of an international group of noted economists, the editors argue that ...
Governments and organizations can now assess which people are eligible for a wide range of real-world services, as well as who is more influential than others – and some have put this to practical use. Nearly half (46%) of those surveyed around the world have heard of a social credit sy...
【题目】Isolating(隔离)around the worldThe act of social distancing has become an effective protective measure against the novel coronavirus and a partof everyday life across the world. Many countries have launched different social distancing measures. Some are strictwhile others are creative. Let's...