More important, the continuity assumption simplifies the model dramatically, making the analysis of social customs tractable. The simplified model is used to extend Akerlof's analysis of a "just wage" to cases in which workers are heterogeneous. 展开 DOI: 10.2307/1883122 年份: 1984 ...
Here, we present a more a general framework using: (1) a data-driven approach, (2) a null model of recombination-based innovation, and (3) the notion of open-ended evolution. Our framework avoids abstract (or simplified) representations of cultural products. Instead, we directly monitor mult...
and this problem is exacerbated when sampling times are short. As such, the potential for SNA to improve resolution of social structure and behaviour may be constrained by the ability to collect sufficient data. To date, this criticism has been justified, but modern approaches in behavioural...
The ML process can be simplified into several stages, each involving three key components contributing to algorithmic bias: dataset construction, the engineer’s target formulation, and feature selection (36KE, 2020). When the dataset lacks diverse representation from different companies, bias may be...
Simplified group search optimizer algorithm for large scale global optimization Introduction The meta-heuristic optimization algorithm is a practical approach for solving global optimization problems. It is mainly based on simulating nature and artificial intelligence tools, invokes exploration and exploitation ...
The approval procedures for construction projects were further simplified. Interdepartmental oversight conducted through the random selection of both inspectors and inspection targets and the prompt release of results was rolled out incrementally. We accelerated the formulation of the list of items for the...
every movement you make—all reduced to a single rating on a five-point scale. A higher rating opens the door to fabulous opportunities and special benefits, while a low rating can, essentially, keep you shut off from the rest of society. That is, in essence (albeit simplified), what a...
Such demands require behavioral testing to be constrained to specific simplified arenas, which may compromise the translational validity of the testing envi- ronment, increase the anxiety levels of the tested animals [89], and limit the strain repertoire of possible subjects, depending on their coat...
Higher-achieving peers have repeatedly been found to negatively impact students’ evaluations of their own academic abilities (i.e., Big-Fish-Little-Pond Effect). Building on social comparison theory, this pattern is assumed to result from students comparing themselves to their classmates; however, ...
Platform companies use techniques of algorithmic management to control their users. Though digital marketplaces vary in their use of these techniques, few