Hard water is water that contains magnesium and calcium ions, with bicarbonate. These minerals form limescale when water is heated, and soap scum when detergents are used. The 'scum' (also called lime soap) is a white precipitate which forms by the reaction of fatty acids in the soap with...
When soap is used in hard water, a solid substance forms that we call foam. This is because the charged calcium and magnesium particles (called ions)...Become a member and unlock all Study Answers Start today. Try it now Create an account Ask a question...
Hard water for the purpose of the present invention is any water that forms a precipitate of "lime soap" at room temperature when a pure, easily soluble alkali metal soap, such as potassium oleate, has been dissolved therein to form a solution containing five per cent of actual soap. ...
The soap solution which results from the combination forms soap-size and is a mixture of soap with water, the excess alkali, and the glycerin liberated from the oil. In such condition ordinary soft soaps and certain kinds of hard soap are brought to the market. In curd soaps, however, ...
The soaps may be made by the so-called "boiled process" or "cold process." In the boiled process, the fats are boiled with sodium starchate until saponification is completed, then sodium chloride or brine is introduced to precipitate or "salt out" the soap, which is a mixture of the al...
is the formation of the amine salt of the fatty acid portion of soap curd. It is believed that the amine salt forms a lyophilic colloidal system which is soluble in low concentrations. In solutions which are not extremely dilute, however, the salt is colloidal and forms an insoluble lyophil...
Soap forms a scum or precipitate in hard water, leaving a ring around the bathtub, a whitish residue on glassware, and a sticky curd in the rinse water of the laundry tub. Not so easily perceived is the relation of this hard-water scum to a dull, lustreless condition of hair after sha...
The first detergent (or surface-active agent) was soap. In a strictly chemical sense, anycompoundformed by the reaction of a water-insoluble fatty acid with an organicbaseor analkali metalmay be called a soap. Practically, however, the soapindustryis concerned mainly with those water-soluble ...