Smallpox is a disease caused by infection with a virus called “variola.” It usually spread in densely populated places because thevariola viruscan spread to other people through the small droplets discharged from the upper airway when an infected person cough or sneeze, as well as through th...
Both these strains were very effective, and it was possible to eliminate the virus. The epidemic following a bioterrorist attack would probably be quite different from what we have experienced in the endemic cases. There would suddenly be a large number of infected persons in the first and ...
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The status of smallpox in the post-eradication era is reviewed. Keywords: smallpox; variola virus; vaccination; antiviral; eradication 1. History of Smallpox Smallpox is caused by the variola virus (VARV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus (OPV) genus of the Poxviridae. In the past, the ...
Following a technique first developed by Edward Jenner in the late 18th century, smallpox vaccination in 1900 meant scoring the skin of the upper arm with a lancet or knife, and then dabbing the wound with live virus. Vaccine makers in 1900 still sourced their virus from oozing cowpox sores...
First, the approach may have worked in part because the reproductive rate for the virus was relatively low [35], estimated at approximately 3.5 to 6 [83], while estimates for malaria are variable but potentially far higher [84]. Second, case finding was far easier because the symptoms of ...
Since live virus can be transmitted to close contacts of the vaccinee, both are at equal risk for such adverse events.8In the case presented here, because the enlarged node was on the same side as the patient's smallpox vac- cination site and was not known to be present prior to his...
Smallpox has played an unparalleled role in human history and remains a signifificant potential threat to public health. Despite the historical signifificance of this disease, we know little about the underlying pathophysiology or the virulence mechanisms of the causative agent, variola virus. To ...
Background: The United States (US) has re-instituted smallpox vaccinations to prepare for an intentional release of the smallpox virus into the civilian po... Aragón,J Tomás,Ulrich,... - 《Bmc Public Health》 被引量: 59发表: 2003年 The Vaccine used in the Smallpox Vaccination Conducted...
However, other characteristics of smallpox are not typical of measles or poliomyelitis: smallpox cases present with such a typical clinical picture that rather accurate diagnosis was made in the field by physical examination (the most common confounder being chickenpox). The absence of virus transmiss...