A simplified correlation for slug length based on pipe diameter was proposed in Chapter 4. L[ft]=(D[inch])2 The force of slug impact may be calculated if one knows slug density, gas velocity, pipe size and angle of the pipe bend. Force of slug impact on a bend may be estimated as...
As the gas stream changes rapidly in direction any entrained liquid droplets are thrown, by centripetal force, against the baffles or vessel walls, from which they run down into the lower, liquid portion of the vessel. Demister (Mist Extractor) Positioned at the gas outlet line, a demister ...
A slug is defined asthe mass that is accelerated by 1 ft/s2when a net force of one pound (lbf) is exerted on it. ... One slug is a mass equal to 32.1740 lb (14.59390 kg) based on standard gravity, the international foot, and the avoirdupois pound. What is slug flow in oil an...
The loads are imported from .ctpf file into the PASS/START-PROF software using theoperation mode editor(Add > Force Loads from File) Additional dynamic loads caused by the slugs hitting the bends and tees must be considered. It can lead to the dropping of piping from the supports, exceeding...
Higher momentum of liquid slug creates considerable force as it changes the direction of flow while passing through elbows, tees and other equipment. This may cause severe damage to the piping structure. Images are shown in Fig. 8 for the less aerated slugs by varying ReSG in the range of ...
A knowledge of the time-varying force and its distribution on the bends is highly desirable in designing the piping and piping support systems. A numerical study has been carried out to obtain an understanding of the slug flow induced forces and develop simulation models for engineering ...
This in turn allows prediction of the probability of the largest forces that occasionally occur at various flow rates. This information is vital in designing an appropriate support for the piping system, to cater the maximum force over a long period of operation. Besi...
Hydrodynamic loads (i.e., force-time curves) on various pipe segments have been evaluated by appropriate postprocessing of the transient results. The calculated peak forces at selected pipe segments compare favorably with those estimated from the analytical models...
ForceBendElbowSlug flow through piping systems may cause severe mechanical vibrations. Finite element models, commonly used to predict dynamic pipe stresses and fatigue, require the slug excitation force as boundary condition. In this paper, a stochastic mechanistic model of the slug force acting on ...
In addition, wells which have been partially depleted are generally subjected to enhanced recovery techniques to extract the remaining oil therefrom. Such techniques employ the injection of steam, gas, water, or chemicals to force the oil the oil bearing formation and thereby exacerbate the inherent...