parasitic mode and it must wake up the dreamer in such a way that he remembers it rather vividly. Our theory, in its present state, says nothing about the function of non-REM sleep. These stages of sleep usually have less of the hallucinoid type of dream which we associate ...
in presence of low calcium solution, we did not observe an induction of an outward current, and instead, an inward current was elicited (-16.1 ± 5.5 pA; n = 3; Fig.3A2, B). Taken together, these data indicate that the inhibitory effect induced by α-synMon the membrane o...
Astrocytes are one of the most abundant cell types in the brain1. They provide essential support to the neural network and actively participate in many brain functions, including sleep–wake regulation2,3,4,5,6. Astrocytes have been proposed to modulate the sleep–wake cycle through multiple mec...
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The power of the LED was 3–5 mW. Photostimulation was controlled via analog outputs of DigiData 1440 A, enabling control over the duration and intensity. In voltage-clamp mode, the cells were held at −60 mV. When needed, 25 μM APV, 5 μM NBQX, and 50 μM PTX ...
At sleep onset, the thalamus enters a burst mode and generates synchronized spindle oscillations. During these oscillations, the high-frequency bursts of thalamic relay cells occur synchronously in the thalamus and therefore provide unusually strong excitat- ory / inhibitory inputs in cortical pyramidal...
We collected data for analysis only if the resting potential after the transition from voltage-clamp to current-clamp mode was stable throughout the recordings. Recording data was acquired using an Axopatch 200B amplifier, Axon Digidata 1550, and was analysed using pClamp 10 software (Molecular ...
Those neurons exhibit greater excitability and switch to burst-firing mode after sleep deprivation, which generates and maintains high sleep drive as well as an increased arousal threshold (Liu et al., 2016). Interestingly, these EB-R2 and the dFSB neurons are recurrently connected via helicon ...
[39] and a raw count matrix for all the samples was generated using HTSeq-counts in mode—intersection-nonempty with the default parameter—nonunique none. Therefore the reads that overlap more than one feature are counted as ambiguous and not counted for any features [40]. All further ...
Supporting this idea, spindle oscillations have been observed to be preceded by long-lasting hyperpolarization, fostering the transition of TRN firing from tonic- to burst-firing mode12. While post-hoc histology did not show any tissue damage/lesion resulting from the paradigm used for optical ...