The process consists of EEG/EMG data acquisition via a UDP stream, automated calculation of thresholds for real-time determination of sleep stages, online sleep staging and EEG power spectrum analysis, as well as saving the data in the format that facilitates the further analysis of the sleep ...
Polysomnography was performed using ambulatory cassette EEG system on the first and second night. Sleep stages were scored according to Rechtshaffen and Kales' criteria. Plasma melatonin was measured at 1-hour intervals for 24 hours on the third day. The menstrual cycle was divided into four ...
Overall with increasing age, a dysregulation of the sleep-wake cycle resulting in more fragmented and shorter sleep is common49. Regarding cognitive impairment, associations with poor sleep have been found for all stages: for the preclinical stage which precedes observable cognitive impairment and ...
Following mounting evidence of the role of sleep in well-being, its relationship with disease and mortality and its economic impact, there has been increased interest in measuring sleep characteristics. This has led to an expansion in the development and use of sleep-related technology. In particul...
The EEG sleep characteristics of normal, young adults were measured for three consecutive nights. The mean percentage of Stages 1-REM, 3 and 4 showed an increase with each consecutive night. Within a night's sleep, Stages 3 and 4 decreased markedly and Stage 1-REM increased considerably from...
(number of transitions between a stage and all other stages/total number of transitions × 100), overnight transitions to REM sleep (transition from a given stage to REM/total REM transitions × 100), and altered first REM sleep period transitions (transitions from wake or N1 to the first ...
During the night, two different sleep stages occur that are interspersed with each other. The first of these is slow wave sleep, which is mainly characterized by slow- and high-amplitude cortical waves (Berger, 1929; Blake and Gerard, 1937; Bremer, 1935; Loomis et al., 1937). Slow wave...
The Sleep Cycle There are two forms of sleep: REM and NREM. You dream during REM (rapideyemovement). It takes up 25% of your slumber, stretching into longer periods in the morning. The rest is spent in NREM, which has four stages from light (1) to deep (4). Sleep disorders mess ...
Sleep stages were extracted based on spectral composition of electroencephalographic signals acquired during sleep opportunities. Light levels (4.5–5 lux during wakefulness and <1 lux during sleep), temperature (~19 °C), caloric intake and body posture (semi-recumbent position during scheduled ...
and model are forced to make a choice between two stages when data are ambiguous. An example of this may be seen in Fig.2a. Between 1 and 3 h, several bouts of N3 occur, although they often do not reach the threshold for being the most likely stage. As time progresses, more ...