Two approaches are now widely used to identify SSCs, fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and transplantation assay, andCre-loxPsystem-driven lineage tracing strategy.43,44The identification and isolation of different lineages by FACS and transplantation assay is routinely used in hematopoietic doma...
we generated mice with skeletal muscle specific, inducible deletion of Musclin using the Cre/LoxP system. LoxP sites were introduced flanking exon 3 of the Musclin encodingOstngene (to generate Ostnfl/flmice), since elimination of this exon results ...
There are two major types of stem cells found in bone: hematopoietic stem cells that form blood and immune cells, and stromal (mesenchymal) stem cells that normally form bone, cartilage, and fat. The restricted capacity of hematopoietic stem cells to grow in large numbers and remain ...
The UPS generates peptides for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen presentation and is thus also an integral part of our immune system [47]. For degradation by proteasomes, proteins need to be post-translationally labeled with the small modifier ubiquitin. Ubiquitin modification ...
In contrast, these cells differentiate into adipocytes with aging, leading to senile osteoporosis. scRNA-seq analysis has revealed that alteration in the cell-type composition is a major cause of tissue aging. In this review, we discuss the cellular dynamics of skeletal cell populations in bone ...
At the onset of interdigital cell death, we observed differen- tial Nile Blue staining between the major clefting do- main along the distal midline relative to the interdigital mesenchyme of digits bound in syndactyly (Fig. 7k-n). This reflects the comparative retention of mesenchyme between ...
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Aorta-derived single cells were labeled with PE-conjugated rat anti-mouse CD31 (BD Bioscience) and rabbit anti NG2 / secondary anti rabbit IgG FITC (Sigma) and then sorted in MoFlo System (DAKO). Alkaline Phosphatase Staining Fixed cells were incubated in alkaline buffer containing NBT/BCIP ch...
The major difference is a 12-residue insertion in the large loop connecting helix α1 with β5 (Figure 1B). The W98 residue, which binds next to the α helix in RyR2, is therefore not present in the RyR1 sequence and, correspondingly, no electron density was observed in any of the 9...
Insulin is possibly the major hormone responsible for protein synthesis after infancy. It is clear, however, that androgens also stimulate muscle cell growth at puberty, especially protein synthesis. The role of an- drogens in muscle growth lias been reviewed by Ko- chakian [77]. Our own ...