Figure 9. Correlation between the ratio of reverse coasting distance to LOA and the sectional coefficient (the light purple area represents the 95% confidence band). 4.2. Following Distance 4.2.1. Vessel-Following Model Based on the data from coasting experiments, the car-following theory is in...
Ideally, its initial value is set equal to the axial force acting on the impeller and the guide vanes computed from the MRF model. However, the axial force is unknown a priori. Thus, the value of body-force is initially set as the bare hull resistance. Then, for a self-propelled ship...
In response, we developed a contrastive learning network based on causal attention (C2Net) to improve the model’s fine-grained identification ability from local details. The asynchronous feature learning mode of “decoupling + aggregation” is adopted to reduce the mutual influence between local ...
From the comparison of the subfigures, we can see that the performance of RANSAC is good and it can remove the erroneous point pairs effectively. In ship tracking, the main parameters are set as: σp = 0.002◦, σv = 0.01 nm/h2, PD = 0.95, λ f = 10−11, σa = 15, c1...
A comparison between calibration data from this study and from a previous measurement campaign during summer 2016 using the same instrument and the same internal hollow-cathode lamp was performed to determine how much the lamp possibly could have aged between calibrations. By comparing the area ...
Figure 10. Rudder angle comparison under concise robust control and PID in case of wind and wave disturbance. In the stable condition (500 s–1000 s), the maximum rudder angle, average rudder angle, rudder angle variance, and the time to the target heading of different control methods Appl....
Firstly, in the CNN model, low-level features extracted from the first convolutional layer are fed into the top layer via layer-by-layer propagation to generate high-level features. However, the low-level features obtained in the first convolution layer may cause some important low-level ...
The comparison is brought to attention in Figure 4 for initial roll angles from ∅0 = 2.5◦ to 20◦, step 2.5◦. The comparison shows that the computed results resembles accurately with the measured data, except for a slight discrepancy in the peak points of roll motion response for ...
Large-scale exploitation of wave energy will most likely progress gradually from breakwater- based and nearshore devices (e.g., shoreline Oscillating Water Columns (OWC)) to smaller- and finally larger-scale WEC's at deep-water sites. Wave energy converter (WEC) technology is, however, still ...
Dymarski and Dymarski [29] studied the model of a lifeboat released into the water from the stern of a ship. They also regarded the skid as a slope and the lifeboat as a cube on the slope, considering the reaction of the boat to the skid, but the motion of the ship was not ...