In this series of articles on the industrial applications of probability and statistics, we look at a problem that confronts any manufacturer of goods made in a range of sizes—how many, or what proportion of each size should he make?
stories [22]. Despite these differences, Indigenous culture was seen in Mexico and the USA as “backward” and inconsistent with modernization, and both countries aimed at incorporating the Indigenous populations through processes of assimilation into the mainstream cultures. Today, Indigenous peoples in...
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Diversity is often implied to have a positive effect on the functional stability of ecological communities. However, its relationship with stochastic and deterministic assembly mechanisms remains largely unknown, particularly under fluctuating disturbanc
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the atmosphere in the long-range transport of microplastic fibres. However, their dry deposition in the atmosphere is not fully understood, with the common spherical-shape assumption leading to significan
The mosquito Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus, 1762) is the main vector of the arboviruses causing dengue, yellow fever, Zika, and chikungunya. Its wide distribution across tropical and subtropical regions in close association with urban areas makes this mosquito a major threat to human health [1, 2]. ...
The magnitude of fluctuations can be matched to the observed shape distribution of cells, so that visual observation of cell shapes and statistics provides information about the mechanical state of the tissue. Comparing with experimental data from the Cucumis epidermis, we find that the system is ...
27–Techniques and Applications of Fuzzy Statistics in Digital Image Analysis These fuzzy statistics are useful for various image-processing tasks and are superior to the conventional ones from abstract and applied aspects of image processing. The proposed approach throws some light on a new feature ...
This method has an advantage in that it is less sensitive to the age distribution of individuals and does not require prior models for fitting age-related growth curves of CT; however, it loses some power to capture fine-grained, age-related change trajectories of CT maturation5,36. In ...
Many types of social interaction require the ability to anticipate others' behavior, which is commonly referred to as strategic sophistication. In this context, observational learning can represent a decisive tool for behavioral adaptation. However, little is known on whether and when individuals learn...