Medial prefrontal cortex determines how stressor controllability affects behavior and dorsal raphe nucleus. Nat Neurosci. 2005;8:365–71. Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Berridge KC, Kringelbach ML. Neuroscience of affect: brain mechanisms of pleasure and displeasure. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2013;23...
Systems and network biology are successfully used to find disease targets based on the complexity of biological systems, and recent studies have shown that sex affects biological gene networks5,6. We have previously shown that sex-stratified gene regulatory networks can find sex-specific key drivers...
Health literacy The influence of these institutional systems is arguably even more important when we consider that increasing evidence suggests that men have worse health literacy than women. Health literacy is defined as the cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of indiv...
Since HF affects many tissues and organs throughout the body, the concentrations of circulating proteins in patients with HF also reflect production in stressed non-cardiac tissues, either as a consequence of the failing heart or other underlying comorbidities [24, 25]. The observed differences ...
A general model of how adiposity affects cancer at the molecular level is not currently available and mechanistic pathways are likely to differ between cancers. However, accumulation of body fat is accompanied by several biological processes that can be linked to cancer, such as increased inflammation...
Unfortunately, while it is increasingly clear that gender strongly affects immune regulation and response, there is a knowledge gap concerning differences in sex-specific immune responses and how these contribute to the immunosuppressive TME and the response to immunotherapy. In fact, sex dimorphism is...
The opposite of fertility is infertility, or the inability to bear children. Infertility affects one in eight couples in the U.S. Female infertility tends to become more of an issue as a woman ages, especially after age 35. Regardless of age, a woman and her partner need to be medically...
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However, no studies have examined COVID-19 outcomes in human patients taking hormone therapy, so retrospective analysis of whether COVID-19 differentially affects either women taking oestrogen receptor antagonists or men taking exogenous oestrogen would be interesting. Evidence suggests that 17β-...
Cognitive function relies on a balanced interplay between excitatory and inhibitory neurons (INs), but the impact of estradiol on IN function is not fully understood. Here, we characterize the regulation of hippocampal INs by aromatase, the enzyme respon