Although most flexible piezoresistive sensors are realized through heterogeneous conductive media for large deformability and piezoresistivity [46], here we start with the piezoresistive effect in metal conductors and semiconductors to understand the basic mechanisms. First, let’s take a metal conductor wi...
Sensors can be used to measure or detect a vast variety of physical, chemical, and biological quantities, including proteins, bacteria, chemicals, gases, light intensity, motion, position, sound and many others, as shown in Figure 2-1. Sensor measurements are converted by a transducer into a ...
the condition is named conductive hearing loss since it affects the functioning of the eardrum or the ossicular chain while, in contrast, with sensorineural hearing loss, doctors identify an issue in the cochlea, the part of the inner ear where sound amplification takes place, and pressure waves...
infrasound (<20 Hz) up to ultrasound (in the GHz–band), together with a number of different propagating modes, including bulk longitudinal and shear waves, surface waves, plate modes, etc., allow acoustic tools to be successfully applied to the characterization of gaseous, solid and liquid ...
It also has the ability to implicitly learn to suppress irrelevant parts in the raw signals and to highlight salient features useful for this specific task by adding the attention mechanism. (2) We established a dataset with 35 young females wearing 3 kinds of shoes. All of them were asked...
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With the increasing availability of geotagged data from various sources, modes, and perspectives, facilitated by public audio libraries (e.g., Freesound, radio aporee) and mapping software (e.g., Google Maps 11.102.0101, Google Street View 2.0.0.484371618), the collection of such data has ...
Distributed fiber acoustic sensing (DAS) technology is a newly developed sensing technology, which can continuously detect external physical field (vibration, sound and temperature variation) over long distance, with coherent Rayleigh backscattering of low-noise laser in common single-mode sensing fiber....
TL = αR + 20 log R = α(vt) + 20 log(vt) (1) where TL is the transmission loss, R is the spreading range expressed as propagation time t multiplied by sound velocity v, and α is the attenuation coefficient. Given that exact α and v cannot always be obtained in the field, ...
When the detector knows the power of the received signal, energy detection serves as the best SS scheme and exhibits the benefit of its implementation simplicity in order to detect the PU signal with unknown position, structure, and strength [2]. If the energy statistics are greater than a ...