选择性偏差（selection bias) 不单单是一个因果概念，因为它也能存在于描述性研究中（descriptive studies...
doi:10.1097/EDE.0000000000000473MMariaGlymourElizabethRoseMayedaVanNSelbyingentaconnectEpidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)Glymour MM, Mayeda ER, Selby V. Selection bias in clinical epidemiology: causal thinking to guide patient-centered research. Epidemiology. 2016....
悖论的解释：selection bias comes from conditioning on common effect !!!类似的例子还有：在大学中开...
Statistical Models in Epidemiology, the Environment, and Clinical Trials. New York: Springer,... JM Robins,A Rotnitzky,DO Scharfstein - Springer New York 被引量: 552发表: 2000年 Causal Inference in the Presence of Latent Variables and Selection Bias Causal inference in the presence of latent ...
Figure 2 shows the forest plot for studies in epidemiology, which was the field with the lowest bias. The random pooled effect (given as the effect size in Stata output) is illustrated by the dotted line in Fig. 2. Table 2 Selection bias in ASD research on intellectual dis/ability for ...
OBJECTIVE To determine by how much selection bias in preterm infant cohort studies results in an overestimate of survival. DESIGN Systematic review of studies reporting survival in infants less than 28 weeks of gestation published 1978–1998. Studies were graded according to cohort definition: A, sti...
Possible bias in selection procedures used for employment and college admissions is of crucial social and educational importance. However, there are many different definitions of what constitutes bias with each definition based on different values and with different implications for how selection should be...
(Methods) revealed an overall consistency, underscoring the validity of our clade-definition approach, but also showed that our dataset encompasses a higher intraspecific diversity. In summary, we generated a dataset with unprecedented power to study the signs of selection and drug-resistance mechanisms...
Inferences from genetic association studies rely largely on the definition and description of the underlying populations that highlight their genetic similarities and differences. The clustering of human populations into subgroups (population structure)
bias from the nonrandom processes by which samples are obtained and sequenced; however, we believe that our results are still overall valid for three reasons. First, it is unlikely that the same level of bias from nonrandom sampling would occur in each country to produce a similar pattern in...