Throughout his life, Truman made racist statements to his intimates and in private correspondence and likely never fully abandoned the attitudes of his youth. But he was an astute politician who understood the importance of the Black vote to his political fortunes. In 1940, as a U.S. Senator...
In the 1940s, Gray faced the harsh realities of segregation when he sought to attend law school in Montgomery, Alabama, after graduating from Alabama State College. At the time, the state had no law schools that admitted Black students, nor any post-baccalaureate progra...
Huge numbers moved northeast and reported discrimination and segregation similar to what they had experienced in the South. As late as the 1940s, it was still possible to find “Whites Only” signs on businesses in the North. Segregated schools and neighborhoods existed, and even after World ...
In 1940, we found more oil/gas wells and lower gasoline consumption in rural counties with higher segregation (>median). For example, if segregation increased from the median to the 75th percentile, we observed a 0.15 kg/year decrease (95% confidence interval: -0.23, -0.07) in gasoline ...
L. (2003). Occupational segregation and the devaluation of women’s work across U.S. labor markets. Social Forces, 81(3), 881–908. Article Google Scholar Del Río, C., & Alonso-Villar, O. (2015). The Evolution of occupational segregation in the United States, 1940-2010: The gains...
摘要: This chapter describes the rise of Civil Rights Unionism, a combined push for racial and economic justice. It focuses on the story of how Houston's black workers built a booming civil rights movement in the city in the 1940s.
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3519 Accesses 1 Citations 1 Altmetric Metrics details Abstract This study measures the occupational segregation of male and female workers in Pakistan using the microdata obtained from the labour force survey of Pakistan for the period 2013–18. The local segregation method is used to study ...
Between men and machines: Women workers in new industries, 1870–1940 This article reviews the evidence pertaining to changes in women's relative pay during the Second World War and presents new evidence relating to important wartime manufacturing industries. It is argued that gender pay inequality ...
This study uses comparable data on 470 detailed occupations from the 1970, 1980, and 1990 Censuses to analyze trends in occupational segregation in the United States in the 1980s and compare them in detail to the 1970s experience of declining segregation. We find that the trend towards reduced...