However, although the onset of cellularization coincides with the end of coenocytical endosperm proliferation, inhibition of seed coat growth actually precedes it18, meaning that these two processes can be unlinked. Plant organ growth is dependent on two main processes: cell division and cell ...
How plants determine their seed size is also a fascinating question in developmental biology. In angiosperms, seed development begins with a double-fertilization event, which results in the formation of a diploid embryo and a triploid endosperm (Figure 1) [4]. The seed coat, which is derived ...
Analysis by DNA blot hybridization showed that this is a single or low copy gene in the soybean genome. The chitinase is expressed late in seed development, with particularly high expression in the seed coat. Expression was also evident in the late stages of development of the pod, root, ...
2020). The seeds ofB. napusare mainly composed of two parts, embryo and seed coat [1]. Though oil and protein are concentrated in the embryo, seed coat plays crucial roles in many biological processes such as signal transmission, nutrition transportation...
the two identical sperm cells fertilize the egg cell and the central cell. The resulting embryo and endosperm develop synchronously while wrapped in the maternal seed coat as a result of the double fertilization event (Fig.1C) (Ingram2010). The seeds remain connected to the mother via the fun...
- Caryopsis is a dry, indehiscent fruit, meaning it does not split open to release seeds when mature. The seed coat and pericarp are tightly fused, making it difficult to separate the seed from the fruit. 3. Recognizing Examples of Caryopsis: - Common examples of plants that produce Caryops...
The small haploid (1n) cells are encased in a protective coat that prevents desiccation (drying out) and mechanical damage. Pollen grains can travel far from their original sporophyte, spreading the plant’s genes. The seed offers the embryo protection, nourishment, and a mechanism to maintain ...
Seeds of Paeonia ostii have been proposed as a source of raw material for the production of edible oil; however, lack of information about the developmental biology of the seeds hampers our ability to use them. Our aim was to investigate development of the seed coat, endosperm and embryo of...
University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40546-0091, USA; 2Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA The age at which individuals die varies substantially within and between species, but we still have little understanding of why there is such variation in life expect...
Edible dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) that darken during postharvest storage are graded lower and are less marketable than their non-darkened counterparts. Seed coat darkening in susceptible genotypes is dependent upon the availability of proanthocyan