The authors noted that practitioners may consider use of these adjuncts in practice, however the results presented are based upon experienced providers in referral centers for mucosal disease or cancer centers. Thus, positive findings may be an indication for referral to experienced providers.McIntosh a...
Pap smear screening is considered not medically necessary for women who have undergone complete (total) hysterectomy for benign disease (e.g., no evidence of cervical neoplasia or cancer) or have absent cervix. Note: Medically necessary cervical cancer screening is covered under plans that cover ro...
Because it is diagnosed by exclusion of other organic causes, the exact pathophysiologic causes of Bell’s palsy remain unknown. Instead, several plausible causes have been proposed, including viral infection, autoimmune inflammatory disease, microangiopathic ischemia, and inflammatory neuritis6. Thus, ...
39. Screening for Viral Hepatitis During the Domestic Medical Examination of Newly Arrived Refugees. Immigrant and Refugee Health. In: CDC [Internet]; 2019. [cited 2019 May 21]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/ immigrantrefugeehealth/guidelines/domestic/hepatitis-screening-guidelines. html.. ...
This viral infection is the most common a sexually transmitted disease in the United States.3 Persistence of HPV is associated with clinically identifiable lesions and high-grade dysplasia leading to anogenital cancers, all of which are associated with specific types of HPV. In the author's (R....
While circulating cervical cancer antibodies have been identified, the value of E6 and E7-specific serology for the diagnosis of this disease is still questionable [68]. Another study showed genital HPV infection frequently induces antibody-mediated immune responses, mostly directed against the viral ...