题目阅读理解“Hypotheses(假设),"said Medawarin 1964,“are imaginativeand inspirational① in character";they are"adventures of the mind". He was arguing n favour of theposition taken by Kar Popper thatthe nature of scientfc method i hypothetico-dedutive and not,as is geneal...
” Philosophers of science in this period also thought that they had a clear view of scientificrationality: to be rational is to accept and rejecthypothesesaccording to the rules of method, or perhaps to distribute degrees of confirmation in accordance with Bayesian standards. The historicist ...
In a population-based sample, we performed a data-driven analysis without a-priori hypotheses including 90 different parameters in order to disentangle and better understand the respective roles of these parameters on WMH volume. Relevant parameters were re-examined in an independent population-based ...
BFs greater than 3 indicate support for the hypotheses. A BF favouring the alternative over the null hypothesis (BF10) offers strong evidence for the alternative hypothesis when it is over 10. Values less than 0.33 indicate support for the null hypothesis, and values between 0.33 and 3 indicate...
sequence of Table and Figures you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or Figure, the one or two key ...
that the fundamental hypotheses at the core of newly proposed methodology need to be falsifiable (or verifiable, for that matter). For this reason, the scientific discussion process cannot work on the basis of claims alone; instead, convincing evidence is needed for this purpose. Promoting ...
Scientific formal-empirical models, in contrast, are explicit constructions for the testing of hypotheses that are designed to be subjected to rigorous, unambiguous test. Here models include not only the formal-predictive part, usually described in terms of mathematical operations (algorithms), but als...
The next filtering process that we have applied within the Clarivate database consists of prioritizing highly cited (HC) and hot articles (HA); the rationale of this approach is described in the following. The first aspect that we wanted to focus on was proper indicators of influence. Selecting...
(0.11 ± 0.15; Mann–Whitney U test:W = 238,p < 0.001***,n = 69). Results for all the analyses described in “Mode and rate of genome size evolution” section were consistent across the 100 alternative phylogenetic hypotheses considered, except for Pagel’s κ ...
Science-based actions within CSA require integrated data sets and sound metrics for testing hypotheses about feedback regarding climate, weather data products and agricultural productivity, such as the nonlinearity of temperature effects on crop yield [277], and the assessment of trade-offs and synergi...