often ignoring the social dimension. As a result, as current literature shows, the concept of sustainable social development lacks a coherent definition that could be operationalized in research31,32. In recent years, however, efforts have been made to conceptualize social sustainability, placing ...
The goals of this study were to find the definition of the last press demarcating the border between the unloading and remission phases of the session and to determine if this border was also affected by PR training. Rats were trained to self-administer cocaine under the FR1 schedule and ...
The centimeter was defined as one-hundredth of a meter; the kilometer was defined as 1000 meters. The metric system was passed by law in France on August 1, 1793. In 1960, the definition of the meter changed to 1,650,763.73 wavelengths of of the orange-red radiation of krypton 86. In...
using vertical (S+) and horizontal (S−) square-wave gratings initially projected to the entire visual field (full-field) and then the monocular region of the visual field (Fig. 1). After reaching criterion and showing a high level of discrimination during 3 consecutive...
By way of experience, too, you may have learned that you have to study to do well on a test, that there usually is an opening act at a rock concert, and that there is a tech- nique to playing a guitar chord. Putting these pieces together, we arrive at a definition of learning: ...
A selection of two bandwidths, 5 nm and 12 nm, is made by controlling the slits. Measurement optics The measurement optics module (Figure 2 – 9) is the front surface mirror optics system to generate a wavelength-independent, high-definition beam for fluorescence measurement and for ...
Following Werner Heisenberg’s definition of an expert as “someone who knows some of the worst mistakes that can be made in their subject and who manages to avoid them” (quoted inKeane, 2009), we can equate expert wisdom with the ability to navigate and makes sense of uncertainties (Stil...
4.1. Definition of Cost-Sensitive Learning Cost-sensitive classification is based on a set of weights defining the expected cost when an object is misclassified. First, we give the definition for cost-sensitive classification problem. Let be a feature vector, let {1, 2, …, N} be ...
Finally, in this study we used a very simple definition of resource differential: possession of a single positive characteristic that has been shown to be beneficial and hence should be desired by others. Although more complex definitions abound, we feel that this nonetheless captures the essential...
For the following defined terms, these definitions shall be applied, unless a different definition is given in the claims or elsewhere in this specification. All numeric values are herein assumed to be modified by the term “about,” whether or not explicitly indicated. The term “about” genera...