Data are taken from responses to the question form “Approximately when was the first time you [OPEN SCIENCE PRACTICE?]”. Panel a shows data from all scholar respondents, and Panels b–e show responses from scholars identified as economists, political scientists, psychologists, and sociologists, ...
‘A major mechanism of cellular destruction is apoptosis, a highly organized form of cell death that is critical for maintaining homeostatic function in a variety of tissues in normal condition.’2This modern theory mirrors Zhu Danxi's idea that ‘Yin is even deficient’ in the normal process ...
Step 2: Assign Data Points Once centroids have been initiated, all the data points are now assigned to the nearest centroid to form a cluster. In this context the “nearest” is calculated by a proximity measure. Euclidean distance measurement is the most common proximity measure, though other...
short notes reporting novel observations of ecological significance. Article types Original research papers should report the results of original research. The material should not have been previously published elsewhere, except in a preliminary form. Review articles should cover a subject of active curren...
2 What if the Evidence Would Dictate Otherwise? The Notion of Evidential Success Re-considered Thus far, the low evidential basis for the clinical effectiveness of TCM has been considered. In light of the modest form of evidentialism presented in the previous section, such a stumpy empirical sup...
Review ReportsVersions Notes Abstract Evaluating anthropogenic changes to natural systems demand greater quantification through innovative transdisciplinary research focused on adaptation and mitigation across a wide range of thematic sciences. Southernmost Africa is a unique field laboratory to conduct such resea...
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are short articles (maximum of 2,000 words) that focus on an emerging conservation issue. Conservation Notes can be based on qualitative data and field notes. The writing should be of high quality, concise, and clear to appeal to both a scientific readership as well as managers and policy ...
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“libertarian,” what matters is the degree of restraint on the free choices of individuals. Moreover,Harsanyi (1955, p.309)notes that: “everybody will have a social welfare function on his own, different from that of everybody else, except to the extent to which different individuals' ...