Analytic expressions are obtained for the saturation intensity in X-ray laser schemes based on short-pulse high-intensity drivers. For field-ionized plasma schemes, the specific mean saturation intensity J sat is time independent and depends only on atomic transition probabilities, level degeneracies, ...
The commonly quoted saturation intensity of rubidium (Rb) for D2 transitions is 16.7 <tex>$\mathrm{W}.\mathrm{m}^{-2}$</tex>. This value, however, is only accurate for the cycling transition, which renders the Rb atom to resemble a two-level system. In practice, the effective saturat...
Saturation is homogeneous when all of the ions have identical gain spectra, are Lorentzian in shape, and have a width corresponding to the natural linewidth of the atomic transition. A saturating signal at any wavelength within the gain spectrum (for illustration a saturating signal at the center...
Thus saturation may occur in some regions of these three domains, but not at the edges of the intensity distribution, leading to so-called “wing effects”. Because of their generally larger transition probabilities, atoms are more prone to saturation than molecular species. Various models have ...
Doping γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles with Mn(III) Suppresses the Transition to the α-Fe2O3 Structure. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125, 11470–11471 (2003). CAS PubMed Google Scholar Shafi, K. V. P. M. et al. Magnetic Enhancement of γ-Fe2O3 Nanoparticles by Sonochemical Coating. Chem. Mater...
A reflection intensity of less than 10% is achieved for the entire visible wavelength region, which is also flat for a range of wavelength from 425–700 nm. The arrows in the Fig. 6a(ii) indicate the positions of resonance dips of the individual plasmonic elements, which are thus ...
Based on experiments in an argon plasma, and a semiclassical atomic physics simulation, we have identified the prescription that is the easiest to use and the least sensitive to the spatial profile of the laser beam. This procedure is to measure the laser intensity that leads to saturation on ...
Performing this measurement while scanning the ion through the focus provides a map of the focal intensity distribution. From the measured power, we infer a coupling efficiency of 7.2 +/- 0.2% on the linear dipole transition when illuminating from half solid angle, being among the best coupling...
radiation curveWe show that the dip in the intensity line shape of a single-mode laser can appear at definite experimental conditions in cases both of nonhomogeneously broadened line as well as homogeneously broadened line of the atomic transition. In both cases the dip is explained by the ...