A measure of the amount of disorder in a system. Entropy increases as the system's temperature increases. For example, when an ice cube melts and becomes liquid, the energy of the molecular bonds which formed the ice crystals is lost, and the arrangement of the water molecules is more rand...
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Jien-Wei Yeh, in Encyclopedia of Condensed Matter Physics (Second Edition), 2024 Eutectic high-entropy alloys (EHEAs) Eutectic alloys are known to possess good castability and excellent mechanical strength (Otarawanna and Dahle, 2011). Since the eutectic reaction is associated with isothermal ...
Enthalpy is a measure of the total heat content of a system, reflecting energy changes in chemical reactions at constant pressure, whereas entropy quantifies the disorder or randomness in a system, crucial for determining spontaneity.
2.8: Ellis,Stirling&Webber的QCD and Collider Physics,做Particle Phenomenology的话绝对案头必备书目。 2.9: Sterman等人的Handbook of Perturbative QCD,很有参考价值。 2.10: Weinberg的The Quantum Theory of Fields(vol.1&2),不太容易念,但是绝对经
Different methods such as approximate entropy (ApEn), sample entropy (SampEn), fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn) and permutation entropy (PE) exist to extract the information entropy. Due to its simple definition, SampEn [3] is much more robust and occupies less computing burden than some more ...
The rates of quantum cryptographic protocols are usually expressed in terms of a conditional entropy minimized over a certain set of quantum states. In particular, in the device-independent setting, the minimization is over all the quantum states jointly
Using the above definition of the crossing time, we collected crossing time statistics for six proteins ranging in their molecular mass from 25 to 102 kDa. The average crossing time is seen to shift towards the right and, although its molecular mass dependence is considerably less pronounced ...