Konyushy (Russian конюший) (Russian literally "equerry" or "master of the horse") (historical) A boyar in charge of the stables of the Russian rulers, duties which included parade equipage, ceremonies of court ride-offs, and military horse breeding....
While later rulers did not discard the new title, the ruler of Russia was commonly known as tsar or tsaritsa until the imperial system was abolished during the February Revolution of 1917. Prior to the issuance of the October Manifesto, the emperor ruled as an absolute monarch, subject to onl...
Following the Revolution of 1905, the Tsar made last attempts to save his regime and offered reforms similar to those of most rulers pressured by a revolutionary movement. The military remained loyal throughout the Revolution of 1905, as shown by their shooting of revolutionaries when ordered by ...
Claims of Central Asia’s allegedly spiralling Russophobia problem have been wielded with increasing readiness by surrogates for the Russian authorities since the start of the invasion of Ukraine. The Kremlin perceives the region’s rulers as more or less loyal, but it worries that the general pu...
Muscovy/Russia functioned as a centralized state ruled by autocratic leaders whose titles changed as their power and influence grew. The grand dukes became the tsars of Muscovy, who in turn became emperors of the Russian Empire. Although the rulers of the empire were formally called emperors (imp...
For the most recent general history whose central theme is Russia’s failure to overcome authoritarian government, see J. Gooding,Rulers and Subjects. Government and People in Russia, 1801–1991(London, 1996). Google Scholar V. E. Bonnell,Roots of Rebellion: Workers’ Politics and Organisations ...
(rulers) of the principalitiesMoldavia and Wallachia granted the largest Orthodox monasteries in the East (on Mts.Athos, Sinai, Patmos), large estates in the principalities. In 1863 the incomes fromthese lands in the United Principalities were confiscated by Prince Alexander Kuza.95Those estates ...
From the mid 1800’s to the beginning of the 1900’s, Jews in Imperial Russia experienced socio-economic change, and this was reflected in the institution of marriage. Jews began to gradually change their views about marriage, and specifically about marriage age, choice of partner, and the ro...
(along with Trump), and much more. Yet we are told by Putin apologists that these moves were symbolic and that we should not worry since Vladimir is a master 4D chess player and he is on our side. Some have put forth the theory that Putin only needed laws such as the one that ...
Russian Revolution, two revolutions in 1917, the first of which, in February (March, New Style), overthrew the imperial government and the second of which, in October (November), placed the Bolsheviks in power, leading to the creation of the Soviet Union