In each domain, the dipole groups of NH and CO were aligned perpendicular to the rubbing direction and parallel to the surface.HongSeok-CheolZhangChunShenY.R.EBSCO_AspApplied Physics LettersHong SC, Zhang C, Shen Y (2003) Rubbing-induced polar ordering in nylon-11. Appl Phys Lett 82(18):3068-3070