Pipe Material Specific Roughness Factor, • , mm (ft) Hazen-Williams Coefficient, C Manning Factor, n Steel, welded and seamless 0.061 (0.0002) 140 - Steel, Sheet metal, new 5 x 10-2 (1.6 x 10-4) Commercial, new 4.6 x 10-2 (1.5 x 10-4) Steel, Riveted 3.0 (1 x ...
buried depth of the pipe, l wetted perimeter of pipe, m relative roughness n dimensionless buried depth N contact force, Greek letter θ angle corresponding to the wetted perimeter of pipe ε absolute roughnessof the CT, Abbreviation coefficient of friction ...
Surface coefficients that can be used to calculate friction and major pressure loss for fluid flow with surfaces like concrete, galvanized steel, corroded steel and more. For turbulent flow the friction coefficient depends on the Reynolds Number and the roughness of the duct or pipe wall. ...
The integration of the values of the static pressure and skin friction yielded the total drag coefficient. Achenbach (1977) divided the test cylinder into three sections. The outer part served as the guard while the centerpiece represented the active element for the determination of the mean heat...