These functions, together with the proven roles of kisspeptins in the control of GnRH neurons and the transmission ofthe regulatory actions of key signals, such as sex steroids, metabolic hormones and environmental cues, point out that the Kiss1 system is an indispensable player of the ...
Ferroptosis, a type of non-apoptotic cell death, is characterized by three main processes that affect the sensitivity of cells to ferroptosis: (1) an increase in the content of free iron that generates ROS through the Fenton reaction, (2) a depletion of the antioxidant glutathione (GSH) and ...
They express cytokeratin (CK) 18 and high levels of heat-stable surface antigen CD24.1–2 About a third of the luminal epithelial cells express the nuclear hormone receptors, estrogen receptor-a (ERa) and proges- terone receptor,3 and act as sensor cells by detecting steroid hormones and ...
LDs possess unique structures dedicated to fat storage in cells. The morphology and abundance of LDs differ among cell types, and their generation processes reflect this variety [4]. LDs mature through lipid synthesis and the action of specific proteins. During hunger or exercise, LDs get degraded...
Mammary epithelial morphogenesis is a complex developmental process during which an extensive network of branched ducts forms from a rudimentary epithelial bud. This process, termed 'branching morphogenesis', is regulated by endocrine hormones and local paracrine interaction between the developing epithelial ...
Because pregnancy does not induce milk production in pawskin sweat glands, the lactogenic hormones must specifically alter mammary stroma in a way that overpowers the preprogrammed features of adult glandular stem cells that otherwise govern identity. They further suggest that despite distinguishing ...
J. (2005). Distinctive stress effects on learning during puberty. Hormones and Behavior, 48, 163–171. doi:10.1016/j.yhbeh.2005.02.008. PubMed Google Scholar Horvath, T. L., & Wikler, K. C. (1999). Aromatase in developing sensory systems of the rat brain. Journal of ...
Sex hormones and gut microbiota interactions Sex differences in gut microbiota significantly appear after puberty [1]. This supports the idea that sex hormones may play a role in the gut microbiota composition [14,76]. In an experimental study, male and female mice did not show any significant...
This final phase of the developmental cycle is distinguished by a widespread remodelling of the gland, and is driven by reduced levels of systemic hormones, which seem to act as survival factors, and increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases.2,5 We have recently used oligonucleotide ...
When visualizing the T2- and T3-expression patterns with cluster analysis, we observed that both hormones were mainly modulating the expression of the same genes and in the same direction (either down- or up-regulation). This redundancy was also observed in HepG2 cells for TRα1 and TRβ1...