The symbol for magnesium is Mg. It is often also written as Mg2+ or Mg++. The superscripts indicate its valence or electrical charge. The doses given are for elemental Mg but we do not take magnesium as a metal. Oral supplements are usually, but not always in the form of MgO (Magnesi...
Although many studies have shown that microbes can ectopically stimulate or suppress plant immune responses, the fundamental question of whether the entire preexisting microbiota is indeed required for proper development of plant immune response remains
Seed germination is a critical and complex process in the plant life cycle. Although previous studies have found that melatonin can promote seed germination under salt stress, the involvement of melatonin in the regulation of proteomic changes remains poorly understood. In this study, a total of 15...
An era of energy transition is emerging (Markard, 2018; Stern & Valero, 2021). The Paris Agreement, ratified in late 2015, aims to cap the rise in global average temperature to significantly less than 2°C above p...
Transmembrane threonine fluxes (i.e., uptake, diffusion, and carrier-mediated excretion) all contribut-ing to threonine production by a recombinant strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum , were analyzed and quantitated. A threonine-uptake carrier that transports threonine in symport with sodium ions was...
Empowering citizens to take on new, more active roles is a central element in a successful energy transition. Yet, models that allow direct involvement and
There is a demand for new chemical reaction technologies and associated engineering aspects due to on-going transition in energy and chemistry associated to moving out progressively from the use of fossil fuels. Focus is given in this review on two main
Interest and investment in electric vertical takeoff and landing aircraft (VTOLs), commonly known as flying cars, have grown significantly. However, their sustainability implications are unclear. We report a physics-based analysis of primary energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of VTOLs vs. gr...
Co-thermal chemical conversion of coal and biomass is one of the important ways to realize efficient and clean utilization of coal. In this study, a typica
Proteinopathy in neurodegenerative diseases is typically characterized by deteriorating activity of specific protein aggregates. In tauopathies, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tau protein abnormally accumulates and induces dysfunction of the affect