Methods: A variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were grown in peptone (1%) yeast nitrogen base broth overnight in 96-well plates with various concentrations of glucose and insulin. Biofilm formation was determined by the crystal violet staining procedure. Expres...
As shown in Fig. 2A, the adherence to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite beads by strain TR-56 was reduced significantly as compared to that by the wild type strain. Further, the wild type strain showed a time-dependent increase in adherence to the polystyrene plate, as detected by crystal violet ...
Colonies were fixed in 4% PFA, stained by crystal violet and counted. Crystal violet assay Two thousand cells were plated per well in 96-well plates. At time (t) = 0 and 24 h, plates were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and stained in 0.3% crystal violet in water for 1 h,...
Upregulation of the PD-L1 (CD274) immune checkpoint ligand on the tumor surface facilitates tumor immune escape and limits the application of immunotherapy in various cancers, including breast cancer. However, the mechanisms underlying high PD-L1 levels
The excessive medium was then slowly removed, and the wells were washed with auto- claved PBS and stained with 100 µL crystal violet (0.1%). After 15–30 min, the wells were rinsed again with auto- claved PBS three times and then dried. In the next step, 100 µL ethanol ...
(b) Plaque-forming efficiency of eitherB. pseudomalleiwild-type K96243,plc1,plc2,plc3,plc12orplc123mutants in HeLa cells infected at an MOI of 10. Plaques were visualized by crystal violet staining of the monolayers at 24 h p.i. Error bars represent standard error of the mean for data...
The progress of biofilm is commonly measured in vitro through i) the accumulation of biomass on hydrophobic plastic surfaces (measured through staining with crystal violet or other nonspecific stains [46], ii) bacterial aggregation in liquid culture (measured by the loss of optical density) [86] ...
What is the purpose of GFP? What role does SYBR Green perform in qPCR? What are globulins? What purpose does the parathyroid have? What is the role of B-phenylethyl alcohol in PEA and how does it work? What are the roles of crystal violet and bile salts in MacConley agar? What is ...
Obvious biofilm-like structure can be seen outside of both small and large aggregates using crystal violet stain (Fig. 7a,b), and further quantification showed that significant bigger amount of biofilm was formed on the large aggregates (Fig. 7c). In the biofilm, the aggregate became ...
(α-helices in blue, β-strands in violet) are shown for the structural homologues. The starting and ending amino acid residues of the regions, which could well align with these structural homologues are indicated above the boxes. The similarity probability (%) returned by HHpred is indicated ...