In plants and mammals, DNA methylation is commonly found on transposons and other repetitive DNA elements [5, 6]. In plants, DOMAIN REARRANGED METHYLTRANSFERASE 2 (DRM2), an ortholog of the mammalian de novo DNA methyltransferase DNMT3, is primarily responsible for catalyzing de novo DNA methylat...
【答案】：首先在植物中发现的一种RNA指导的沉默机制。类似于：RNA干扰(RNAi)，RdI)M也需要21～26nt的双链RNA片段。与短双链RNA同源的DNA序列被甲基化，从而使基因沉默。
Transcriptional gene silencing via RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) guides the epigenetic regulation of the genome in response to disease states, growth, developmental and stress signals. RdDM machinery is composed of proteins that produce and modify 24-nt- long siRNAs, recruit the RdDM complex ...
RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is a major mechanism of transcriptional gene silencing in plants that is mediated through small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and plant-specific RNA polymerases. This Review summarizes our latest understanding of RdDM, inc
Transcriptional silencing via RNA-directed DNA methylation and chromatin modification involves two forms of nuclear RNA polymerase IV (Pol IVa and Pol IVb), RNA-dependent RNA polymerase2 (RDR2), DICER-LIKE3 (DCL3), ARGONAUTE4 (AGO4), the chromatin remodeler, DRD1, and the de novo cytosine...
RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) is an epigenetic process in plants that involves both short and long noncoding RNAs. The generation of these RNAs and the induction of RdDM rely on complex transcriptional machineries comprising two plant-specific, RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-related RNA polymera...
DNA methylation is an important epigenetic mechanism for silencing transposons and other repetitive elements, and for stable repression of specific transgenes and endogenous genes. Plants can utilize small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to guide de novo DNA methyltransferases for the establishment of sequence-...
DRD1 (defective in RNA-directed DNA methylation) is a putative SWI2/SNF2-like chromatin remodelling protein; DRD2 and DRD3 (renamed NRPD2a and NRPD1b, respectively) are subunits of Pol IVb, a putative RNA polymerase found only in plants. Interestingly, DRD1 and Pol IVb appear to be ...
RNA-directed DNA methylationseed developmentsiRNASmall RNAs trigger repressive DNA methylation at thousands of transposable elements in a process called RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM). The molecular mechanism of RdDM is well characterized in Arabidopsis, yet the biological function remains unclear, ...
DNA methylation was partly or completely independent of Dicer activity at the remaining Pol IV- and/or Pol V-dependent loci, despite the loss of 24-nt siRNAs. Instead, DNA methylation levels correlated with the accumulation of Pol IV-dependent 25-50 nt RNAs at most loci in Dicer mutant ...