We propose 'risk sharing' schemes for pharmaceuticals should be considered as agreements concluded by payers and pharmaceutical companies to diminish the impact on the payer's budget of new and existing medicines brought about by either the uncertainty of the value of the medicine and/or the need ...
Risk and value chains: Participant sharing of risk and rewards We find that contract structures must balance the risk/reward preferences of both producers and processors in order to be sustainable... PV Preckel,A Gray,M Boehlje,... - 《Journal on Chain & Network Science》 被引量: 14发表...
阅读理解 Insurance is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed to risk of some sort. The house owner, for example, knows his property can be damaged by fire; the ship-owner knows that his vessel may be lost at sea; the breadwinner knows that he
Our results lend support to the theory that intuitive human decision-makers behave differently depending on whether their environment is ergodic or non-ergodic. In agreement with the findings of ergodicity economics, intuitive decision makers tend to optimize the time average of their wealth over the...
【题目】阅读理解Insurance(保险) is the sharing of risks. Nearly everyone is exposed(面临) to risk of some sort. T he house owner, for example, knows his property can be damaged by fire; the ship- owner knows that his vessel(商船)may be lost at sea; the breadwinner(养家糊口的人) ...
In the insurance sector context, Eling (2020) calls for more research on information sharing between public and private actors, in the form of public–private partnerships. Shackleford (2011) argues that firms should adopt an initiative-taking approach to safeguard their assets against attack in a...
In the financial market, blockchain has the characteristics of decentralization, open sharing, and traceability. It can help solve the problem of information asymmetry of online lending platforms to a certain extent. Furthermore, it can facilitate the lending business in a more open, direct, and ...
Timely, accurate and coordinated information sharing is emphasized in the International Health Regulations (IHR), the overarching international legal agreement guiding response to health emergencies coordinated through the WHO. The IHR require governments to inform WHO of all events within their territory ...
Over the past few years, data has become the most valuable asset for businessesFootnote22. To maintain a competitive edge, businesses have delved deep into data collection, storage, analysis, utilization, monetization, and sharing. While these practices facilitate the creation of personalized products...
As noted above, risk participation is an agreement between two financial institutions. Also commonly called "risk sharing," it allows one financial institution to sell and, therefore, share part or all of the exposure to a contingent obligation. This is commonly done to offset the risks associate...